International Journal of Computing and Digital Systems ISSN (2210-142X) Int. J. Com. Dig. Sys. 10, No.1 (Apr-2021) E-mail: dr.intisar.almejibli@gmail.com, salmajeed@lincoln.ac.uk http://journals.uob.edu.bh System Architecture of a Proactive Intelligent System to Monitor Health of Older Adults Living Alone Intisar Al-Mejibli 1 , Salah Al-Majeed 2 , Jalal Karam 3 , Jamshed Iqbal 4 , Cid Mathew Adolfo 3 and Christofer Yalung 3 1 University of Information Technology and Communications, Baghdad, Iraq 2 School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Lincolnshire, UK 3 Military Technological College, Muscat, Oman 4 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Jeddah, KSA Received 24 May. 2020, Revised 30 Jul. 2020, Accepted 29 Aug. 2020, Published 21 Apr. 2021 Abstract: Worldwide improvements in the quality of life highlight immense need to have a remote health monitoring system that can provide critical biomedical data. This paper presents a low-cost health monitoring system, forming part of the Internet of Things (IoT), which aims at continuous, 24/7 monitoring of elderly people and disabled people. The system is implemented with a variety of sensors, for example, temperature, heart rate, and movement measurements, to observe a person’s status. Doctors may also prescribe thi s system with a specific number and type of sensor, depending on a patient’s condition. In a case study, three sensors measured the status of a person during the day. The measurements reflected the actions of the person as he/she relaxed or was active, in addition to monitoring his/her state of health. The observed data were recorded in a database that can be displayed by authorized caregivers. Results witnessed the efficacy of the proposed system. The proposed system finds enormous potential in giving remote healthcare facilities, especially to unaccompanied older adults. Keywords: Healthcare Services, Health Sensors, IoT, Medical technology, Remote Monitoring 1. INTRODUCTION Statistics from around the world show that the proportion of people aged 60 (and older) has grown at an unprecedented rate in recent years; and that growth is predicted to accelerate within the near future. Based on a report of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs/Population Division [1], there were 607 million people in the world aged 60 years or over in the year 2000. This population grew to become 962.3 million elderly people in 2017 [2], which was an increase of 58.5%. By 2030, the number of people in the world aged 60 years or over is projected to grow to 1.4 billion. By 2050, the global number of older people is anticipated to be more than 2.1 billion [2]. Fig. 1 shows the estimated population aged 60 years and over for the regions in the world in the years 2000, 2017, 2030 and 2050. Clearly, Asia is easily the most affected region. Many elderly people need continuous care over a long period of time [3]. Providing uninterrupted healthcare services to elderly persons staying in a residential care home or nursing home may require a government to offer services free of charge. Annually, these services cost countries a significant amount. Good health and medical services matter for both individuals and society [4]. They affect the economic, political, social and environmental prosperity of any country, which is why provision of these services is one of the largest industries in the world [5]. Health monitoring is becoming part of everyday life especially for elderly people. The cost of medical care is steadily increasing and the growth rate in 2017 was estimated to be 6.5% [6]. In particular, an aging population has led to a rapid increase in the healthcare http://dx.doi.org/10.12785/ijcds/100149