RESEARCH ARTICLE Analysis of solar and wind energy installations at electric vehicle charging stations in a region in Brazil and their impact on pricing using an optimized sale price model Priscila D. dos Santos 1,2,3 | Antonio Carlos Zambroni de Souza 1,2 | Benedito D. Bonatto 1,2 | Thais P. Mendes 1,2 | Jo~ ao A. S. Neto 1,2 | Antonio C. B. Botan 3 1 Institute of Electrical Systems and Energy, Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, MG, Brazil 2 aPTIs SG–Advanced Power Technologies Innovation in Systems and Smart Grids Group, Itajubá, MG, Brazil 3 GEER-Renewable Energy Study Group, Itajubá, MG, Brazil Correspondence Priscila D. dos Santos, Institute of Electrical Systems and Energy, Federal University of Itajubá, Itajubá, MG, Brazil. Email: prisciladuarte@unifei.edu.br Funding information INERGE; Fapemig; CNPq; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES); Federal University of Itajubá (UNIFEI) Summary Electric vehicles are becoming more popular in the automobile sector since questions about the environment and quality of life have become increasingly important. New ways of commercializing energy should be regulated, like the sale prices applied to service stations for electric vehicles. This study adopted a model for calculating tariffs at a charging station using the optimized tariff methodology—Tarot, a new application for this method. The charging station proposed uses an alternative energy generation system comprised of photovol- taic panels and wind turbines. We evaluated four regions in Brazil with differ- ent solar and wind potentials. This is done to see how the tariff can be impacted by the use of natural resources. As a result, we indicate that the application of the Tarot methodology adapted to the concept of charging elec- tric vehicles from the use of renewable sources becomes an opportunity for the sector to apply a tariff adjusted to national regulatory guidelines and to provide a better cost/benefit for the consumer. Of the four regions analyzed, Region 2 proved to be the best region for the implementation of this type of enterprise with the use of a wind and solar distributed generator. The difference in billing value with the average tariff applied with the aid of the distributed system and purely energy network reaches 6% in Region 2. If the photovoltaic generation is added in 30% in this location, it can cause a reduction of up to 7% in the tar- iff for the sale of energy to vehicles. KEYWORDS charging station, electric vehicles, solar energy, tariff, Tarot model 1 | INTRODUCTION 1.1 | Motivation and incitement The interest in EV started to resurge in the late 1980s when public policy changes were adopted on a worldwide scale in response to increased vehicular gas emissions that cause damage to the environment. Today, concerns about well-being and quality of life have grown, and, for this reason, the idea of preserving the environ- ment by decreasing pollution rates over the next few years has become a top priority. Policies and investments Received: 19 August 2020 Revised: 2 November 2020 Accepted: 17 November 2020 DOI: 10.1002/er.6269 Int J Energy Res. 2020;1–20. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/er © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 1