~ 813 ~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10(10): 813-818 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.23 TPI 2021; 10(10): 813-818 © 2021 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 01-08-2021 Accepted: 03-09-2021 Ramjeet Yadav Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Shriman Kumar Patel Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Mamata Kumari Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Ajeet Kumar Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Santosh Kumar Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Shobhnath Yadav Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Manoj Kumar Singh Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India PK Yadav Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India RP Singh Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Corresponding Author: Mamata Kumari Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India Impact of gypsum applications on major soil nutrients and quality improvement in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) crops under inceptisols Ramjeet Yadav, Shriman Kumar Patel, Sneha, Mamata Kumari, Ajeet Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Shobhnath Yadav, Manoj Kumar Singh, PK Yadav and RP Singh Abstract The investigation was carried out on impact of major nutrient and gypsum on soil physico-chemical properties, and results revealed that combined application of NPK @ 25:50:20 kg ha –1 and T4G400 kg ha -1 of gypsum in the soils significantly reduced the various attributes of soil nutrients, and results revealed that gypsum application methods in surface layer observed that NPK content in soils were significantly lower in control plot due to no NPK was applied in these treatments. The oil content in groundnut was found to be significantly lower in control in comparison to other gypsum application methods. Oil content in T1G100, T2G200 and T3G300were at par with each other. However, oil content in T4G400was found to be significantly superior with each other. Gypsum application methods, NP and K uptake in groundnut was found to be significantly lower in control in comparison to other gypsum application methods. Groundnut nitrogen uptake inT2G200, T3G300 and T4G400 were statistically at par with each other. However, groundnut nitrogen uptake in T1G100 was significantly lower than inT2G200, T3G300 and T4G400. But P and K uptake in groundnut was statistically similar to each other treatments. Overall, we can conclude that gypsum application under Sodic environment create feasible environments for better nutrient uptake, proper infiltration and aeration, increased N, P and K availability and optimum pH for proper growth and quality of groundnut. Keywords: gypsum, groundnut, oil content and physico-chemical properties of soil Introduction Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the principal oilseed as well as economic crops of the world. It is utilized for human consumption as a vegetable oil and protein, as fodder for livestock and as green manure. With about 26% protein, 48% oil and 3% fiber and high content of calcium, thiamine, and niacin, it has all the potential to be used as an economic food supplement to fight malnutrition. Thus, groundnut is nature’s gift to man in general and to children, pregnant or nursing women and the poor in particular (Misra, 2006) [25] . About 80% of total groundnut productions in India are crushed for oil extraction, thus improvement in oil content and quality is of interest to plant breeders and millers. Development of cultivars in groundnut varies with the purpose for which it is put to use (Bandyopadhyay and Desai, 2000) [6] . For example, the most important quality requirements of groundnut as a source of oil are high protein and oil content in seeds. Groundnut is an important food and oilseed crop grown in India across varying agro-climatic environments. It is mostly grown (83% of total groundnut area) under rainfed conditions during the monsoon season (June/July to October/November) and the remaining 17% is grown under irrigated conditions in the post monsoon (October–March) season (Singh et al., 2014b) [38] . Globally and in India many biotic and abiotic stresses limit the groundnut productivity. However, heat and drought stress have been observed to be the main factors limiting the yield (Prasad et al., 2009a, 2009b) [32, 33] . Temperatures during the crop growing period were already close to or above the upper limit of the optimum temperature range (20–30 °C) required for the crop (Weiss, 2000) [47] . The projected temperature changes for these regions in the coming years will intensify heat and drought stresses in groundnut, further limiting productivity. Groundnut oil is edible oil and finds extensive use as a cooking medium both as refined oil and vegetable Ghee. Being a legume with root nodules, it can synthesize atmospheric nitrogen and therefore improve soil fertility. It is an important protein supplement in cattle and poultry