3909 Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results ¦ Volume 13 ¦ Special Issue 6 ¦ 2022 RELATIONSHIP OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY WITH REFERENCE TO ADJACENT ANATOMICAL LANDMARK: A CADAVERIC STUDY Dr. Danish Anwer 1 , Dr. Hamid Ansari 2 , Dr. Abuzar Abdalla 3 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. 2 Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, RMCRC, Rama University, Kanpur, UP, India. 3 Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Corresponding Author: Dr. Hamid Ansari DOI: 10.47750/pnr.2022.13.S06.522 Received: 20 October 2022, Accepted: 28 November 2022, Published: 12 December 2022 Background & Aim: Anyone practising surgery or medicine should have a firm grasp on the regular anatomy of ECA and its variants, as well as its branches. Both carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting, which are used to prevent recurrent strokes, necessitate in-depth familiarity with the carotid system. The aim of the present study was to study the relationship of External Carotid Artery with reference to Adjacent Anatomical landmarks in cadavers. Methods: The present prospective study was done in the Department of Anatomy, RMCRC, Rama University, Kanpur, UP, India, over a period of 1.5 years after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethical clearance committee. 30 hemi-necks obtained from 15 formalin embalmed cadavers (10 male and 5 female) were dissected and the external carotid arteries were traced from the origin to termination. Results: The ECA took origin at the level of upper border of thyroid cartilage (TC) in 20/30 cases (66.66%). Higher level of origin was noted in the remaining 10 of 30 cases (33.34%). Higher levels of carotid bifurcation were further categorized keeping the TC as anatomical landmark. No lower levels of origin were noted in this study. The anteromedial position of the ECA relative to the ICA at the level of the carotid bifurcation was noted in all the cases. Conclusion: The anatomical knowledge of relationship of External Carotid Artery with reference to adjacent anatomical landmarks is helpful for vascular surgeons to plan surgeries and prevent complications during various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Keywords: Anatomical landmarks, Angle of the mandible, Cadavers, Carotid tubercle, External carotid artery INTRODUCTION: The carotid system begins with the common carotid artery (CCA), which branches off to form the external carotid artery (ECA) and the internal carotid artery (ICA) (ICA). 1 Unfortunately, the level of the carotid bifurcation is not indicated by any reliably observable clinical sign. The superior edge of the thyroid cartilage is where the common carotid artery is said to divide, according to most sources. 2 The external carotid artery (ECA) and its branches are the major blood vessels in the head and neck region. It is in the carotid triangle that the common carotid artery (CCA) divides into the external carotid artery (ECA) and the internal carotid artery (ICA) (ICA). The ECA distributes blood and nutrients to the head and neck via its eight branches: the superior thyroid artery (STA), the ascending pharyngeal artery (APA), the lingual artery (LA), the