1739 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS Volume 63 191 Number 5, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201563051739 COMPARISON OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE IN SELECTED GROUPS OF COUNTRIES – COMPARISON OF REAL RESULTS Luboš Smutka 1 , Helena Řezbová 1 , Karel Tomšík 1 , Miroslav Svatoš 1 1 Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Abstract SMUTKA LUBOŠ, ŘEZBOVÁ HELENA, TOMŠÍK KAREL, SVATOŠ MIROSLAV. 2015. Comparison of Agricultural Trade in Selected Groups of Countries – Comparison of Real Results. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 63(5): 1739–1748. The world trade is a dynamically changing in the long term horizon, its total value as well as share in the global economy are continuously growing. Despite the growth in agricultural trade, the gaps among various groups of countries and regions are becoming deeper. More and more countries loose its self-sufficiency or its netto export status and become dependent on imports. On the other hand, there exists another limited group of countries controlling most of the world exports. The aim of the article is to identify differences in changing values of agricultural trade among selected groups of countries. An accent is given primarily on an identification of differences relating to the real value of trading streams. These differences are defined not only in relation to the absolute value, but also to values recalculated per capita, active farmer or agricultural respective arable land. The results indicate extreme differences between developed and developing countries, just in favour of developed countries, which control an important share of the world agricultural trade. There is worth noting that despite the fact that developed countries affect essentially the character of the world agricultural market, there exist huge differences among them. They can be illustrated on the EU-15 and EU-13 countries. The differences relate not only to the value of agricultural trade but they can be observed when analysing the trade dynamics and productivity in relation to the production factors labour and land. Keywords: agricultural trade, world, groups of countries, development, trends differences, comparison INTRODUCTION The world trade is a dynamically changing in the long term horizon, its total value as well as share in the global economy are continuously accelerating. The total value of the world trade grew up in the period 2005–2013 from about USD 10 trillion to more than USD 18 trillion (if just trade in goods taking into account). This shows that the turnover of the world trade in relation to GDP increased from about 35% to almost 50%. Not only the total trade value, but also its commodity and territorial structure is dynamically changing (Valder et al., 2011). In global, a gradual shiſt away from transactions based on an exchange of raw goods and value of closed contracts is replaced by trade of semi-finished and finished products of higher value added (Horska et al., 2014). An extremely strong position of the countries of the North in world trade has been reduced within last years at the expense of developing countries and their growing export performance. It applies mostly countries in eastern and southern Asia. Trade is becoming one of the most important pillar of growth in the global economy. The current unprecedented global economic growth is determined by sharing resources, production factors, comparative advantages, (Morrow, 2010) and scientific research progress (Řezbová, Škubna, 2012) (Špička, 2013). Currently, the world trade is developing in all its segments. Not only trade in raw materials, industrial products and services, but also world trade in agricultural products is