Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan December 2017, 11(4):153-155 P-ISSN : 1978-225X; E-ISSN : 2502-5600 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v11i4.6261 153 THE POTENCY OF PULUTAN (Urena lobata L.) LEAVES DECOCTION AS ANTIFERTILITY BASED ON ITS EFFECT ON UTERINE DEVELOPMENT OF BALB C MICE (Mus musculus) Nursasi Handayani 1 *and Abdul Gofur 1 1 Animal Development Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Malang State University *Corresponding author: nursasi.handayani@yahoo.com ABSTRACT The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of decoction of pulutan leaves simplicia (Urena lobata L.) on the development of the uterus of Balb C mice (Mus musculus). Female mice aged 10-12 weeks were given decoction of pulutan leaves simplicia with concentration of 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, and control. The administration of pulutan leaves was performed by gavage for 11 consecutive days. On day 12, mice were dissected, then, the uterus was taken for histological preparations using paraffin method. Data such as uterine diameter and myometrium and epimetrium thickness were analyzed using one way analysis of variance followed by least significant different. The results showed that decoction of pulutan leaves simplicia decrease the uterine diameter and epimetrium and myometrium thickness compared to control. The decrease of uterine diameter and uterine myometrium and epimetrium thickness was started at the concentration of 7.5%. Decoction of pulutan leaves simplicia could reduce uterine diameter and thickness of uterine myometrium and epimetrium, thus, it might decrease the uterine function as the site of implantation. The decline in the function of the uterus might decrease the number of born children, thus decoction of pulutan leaves simplicia is potential as antifertility agent. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Key words: epimetrium thickness, mice, myometrium thickness, pulutan, uterine diameter ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh rebusan simplisia daun pulutan (Urena lobata L.) terhadap perkembangan uterus mencit (Mus musculus) Balb C. Mencit betina umur 10-12 minggu diberi rebusan simplisia daun pulutan dengan konsentrasi 5%; 7,5%; 10%; 12,5%; 15%; dan kontrol. Pemberian dilakukan secara gavage selama 11 hari. Setelah perlakuan pada hari ke 12, mencit dibedah, uterus diambil untuk dibuat sediaan histologi dengan metode parafin. Data berupa diameter uterus dan katebalan epimetrium+miometrium dianalisis dengan analisis varian tunggal dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rebusan simplisia daun pulutan menyebabkan diameter uterus dan ketebalan epimetrium-endometrium menjadi lebih rendah dan berbeda dengan kontrol. Konsentrasi yang mulai menurunkan diameter uterus dan ketebalan epimetrium+miometrium adalah konsentrasi 7,5%. Rebusan simplisia daun pulutan dapat menurunkan diameter uterus dan ketebalan epimetrium+miometrium sehingga dimungkinkan dapat menurunkan fungsi uterus sebagai tempat implantasi. Penurunan fungsi uterus dapat menurunkan jumlah anak yang dilahirkan, dengan demikian rebusan simplisia daun pulutan berpotensi sebagai bahan anti fertilitas. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kata kunci: ketebalan epimetrium, mencit, ketebalan miometrium, pulutan, diameter uterus INTRODUCTION As the one of natural material, pulutan (Urena lobata L.) can be utilized as alternative for medical material. Society of Central Kalimantan used Urena lobata and Bauhinia tomentosa as an agent for men contraception and cancer treatment as well. Pulutan leave is a source of antioxidant since it has flavonoid content (Singh and Singh, 2014). In accordance with study of Fagbohun et al. (2012), pulutan leaves acknowledged as containing alkaloid, tannin, terpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, steroid, and phlobatanin, as well as containing mangiferin and stigmasterol. A study suggested that mangiferin dan stigmasterol had antifertility properties (Rinku et al., 2008). Furthermore, Sosa and Carmelo (2010) stated that Urena sinuate L. which was a subspecies of Urena lobata L., containing steroid (stigmasterol, β-sitosterol), xantone (mangiferin), flavonoid, sugar, and vitamin. Pulutan as a natural agent containing alkaloid, tannin, saponin, terpenoid, stigmasterol, mangiferin, and flavonoid had been suggested as an antifertility agent. Studies on the potency of pulutan as antifertility agent were infrequent. One of them was conducted by Rahman (1992) which suggested that 10% infusion of Urena lobata and Bauhinia tomentosa root at a dose of 0.25 mL, 0.5 mL, and 1 mL could in hibit spermatogenesis process in mice. In vitro studies resulted that the administration of pulutan leaves tent to increase the abnormal spermatozoa in mice (Mus musculus) Balb C. Another study of Dhanapal et al. (2012) reported that root of Urena lobata at dose of 600 mg/kg weight decrease spermatozoa motility in Wistar mice. In accordance with Handayani and Tenzer (2014), the administration of pulutan leaves simplicia decrease the sperm quality in mice. Regarding to those studies, it could be assumed that the administration of pulutan leaves simplicia has a potency to decrease spermatozoa quality hence it was potential for antifertility agent. The available contraception methods were not yet easily acceptable in mostly society. Beside of the inability to prevent pregnancy at rate of 100%, contraception methods might produce side effects. Recently, it had been studying contraception methods of hormonal and non-hormonal and the feasibility of contraception via vaccine. Therefore, further studies are essential to find out the alternative material from nature