Citation: Abdelbagi, M.E.M.; Al-Mazaideh, G.M.; Ahmed, A.E.; Al-Rimawi, F.; Ayyal Salman, H.; Almutairi, A.; Abuilaiwi, F.A.; Wedian, F. Drug Formulation of Securigera securidaca Seed Extracts. Processes 2023, 11, 1955. https:// doi.org/10.3390/pr11071955 Academic Editor: Bonglee Kim Received: 12 April 2023 Revised: 3 June 2023 Accepted: 25 June 2023 Published: 28 June 2023 Copyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). processes Article Drug Formulation of Securigera securidaca Seed Extracts Mohamed E. M. Abdelbagi 1 , Ghassab M. Al-Mazaideh 2, * , Adil Elhag Ahmed 1 , Fuad Al-Rimawi 3 , Haya Ayyal Salman 4 , Abdulrahman Almutairi 5 , Faraj Ahmad Abuilaiwi 1 and Fadel Wedian 6 1 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia; melnaiem@uhb.edu.sa (M.E.M.A.); adilsalih@uhb.edu.sa (A.E.A.); faraj@uhb.edu.sa (F.A.A.) 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 20002, Palestine; falrimawi@staff.alquds.edu 4 School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 1112, Persiaran Sains, Gelugor 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; hayaayyalsalman@student.usm.my 5 Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia; asalmutaire@uhb.edu.sa 6 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yarmouk University, P.O. Box 560, Irbid 22163, Jordan * Correspondence: gmazaideh@uhb.edu.sa Abstract: S. securidaca seeds are reported to treat a variety of diseases; they contain multiple an- tidiabetic constituents and are widely used as anti-hyperglycemic, antibacterial, as well as anti- hyperlipidemic agents. The present work aimed to propose tablet formulations containing extracts of S. securidaca seeds in an attempt to obtain antibacterial and anti-hyperglycemic formulations with a more efficient oral hypoglycemic impact, limited side effects, and higher patient compliance for the first time, resulting in multiple benefits. Tablet formulations were created by encapsulating granules from S. securidaca seed extracts with varying concentrations of sodium starch glycolate as a super-disintegrant (0–3%). The final formulations were examined for weight variation, solubility, hardness, water content, disintegration time, friability, drug content (trigonelline and diosgenin), and in vitro drug release. The S. securidaca tablet formulations completed the weight test because the percentage deviation in the personal tablet weight and mechanical resistance from the mean were identified to be within the average range. In accordance with the results, formulations containing diosgenin as well as trigonelline as a super-disintegrant were identified as the ideal formulations. The amount of the active substance released from the tablet (S. securidaca seed extract formulation) was consistent throughout the results with the standard methods recommended by the FDA (94.05%) for diosgenin and 87.25% for trigonelline after 45 min. The acceptable limit, according to the FDA, is not more than (N.L.T.) 80% after 45 min for phase #1. The present study aimed to obtain an optimized formula for S. securidaca extract tablets that met the requirements of a good pharmaceutical prepa- ration according to the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and National Formulary (NF). This has important implications for the development of novel, effective treatments and significantly advances the development of natural medicine. Our findings are expected to be of interest to researchers, clinicians, and other experts in this field of study. Based on these findings, it can be inferred that the formulation of S. securidaca seed extracts with appropriate and compatible herbal dosage forms has fewer side effects and is more effective than traditional treatments. Keywords: S. securidaca; drug formulation; trigonelline; diosgenin 1. Introduction Securigera securidaca L. (S. securidaca, also known as goat pea) is an annual plant that can be found throughout West Asia and Europe, as well as Africa. The flat, reddish- brown, numerous, four-sided (tetragon), and pale brown fruits of this herbaceous plant can be found in clusters. The following are a few of the significant natural substances Processes 2023, 11, 1955. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11071955 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/processes