Advancements in Technologies for Water Treatment P.D Amin 1 , Shreyas Joshi 2 , Vatsal Bhanushali 3 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India 2,3 Thadomal Shahani Engineering College, Mumbai, India Abstract : Seawater desalination and wastewater treatment for its reuse are rapidly evolving technologies as water crisis is one of the major issues around the globe. Different purification technologies and advancements in the processes, for instance variation in pretreatments for a better separation process and other related aspects are the areas frequently worked on. Evolution of water treatment techniques over last 40 years is fairly vast and new ideas related to nanotechnology are emerging in the industries with a view of more efficient functioning. The article focusses on the large scale water treatment techniques, their characteristics, relative principles, methodology and evolution. It also indicates the variety of membranes manufactured by established company over the years and emphasizes on their different properties and applications with changing compositions. The article narrows down to concentrate on the membrane separation processes as they are globally popular techniques in bulk water treatment. Introduction: Water scarcity is the major problem the world is facing and it is essential to develop efficient techniques that emphasize on waste water treatment or some methods of recycling and conservation of water. While the world faces this problem it is necessary to treat industrial waste streams, as water is usually the medium through which the sludge is expelled out of the industries [1]. This water mixture contains dissolved and dispersed hydrocarbons, surfactants, clay particles and salts. Simple filtration techniques like deep bed filtration, precoat filtration, cartridge filtration, etc. are not sufficient for removing impurities such as stabilized oil droplets(<10^-6m) from filtered water. Pharmaceuticals active compounds (PhACs) (human and veterinary) are emerging pollutants and have received a lot of attention in the past decade not only because of the persistence and potential toxicity of the substance but also due to their accumulation as a result of an uninterrupted introduction into receiving water bodies coming from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) effluents [2,3]. Combined treatment techniques such as membrane separation and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is an extensively implemented technology for complete removal of these pollutants because each technique complements the advantages and overcomes the challenges of the other [3]. Waste water treatment techniques such as membrane separation and oxidation processes (AOPs) are not implemented individually because neither have they proven to be technically viable as are not able to remove all the impurities nor are P. D. Amin et al /International Journal of ChemTech Research, 2018,11(09): 260-276. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/IJCTR.2018.110933 International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG, ISSN: 0974-4290, ISSN(Online):2455-9555 Vol.11 No.09, pp 260-276, 2018