192 International Journal of Medical Toxicology & Legal Medicine Vol. 26 Nos. 1-2, Jan - June 2023 Abstract The twentieth century is the age of reasoning and scientific innovations. Forensic science institutions in India also came into being at the beginning of the 20th century. The networking of these institutions continued till the end of the 20th century and intensified in the 21st century. There are numerous facilities that are available in India through scientific investigation in different areas. The disposal of activities is not align in context to the workload of crime cases. Many measures and efforts are been taken to further infrastructure in the workforce and machinery, science, and technology to update the forensics in India, but still, there is a further need for capacity building of forensics in India. The article highlights and discusses the review of the state of forensic science in India Keywords : Crime, Science and Technology, Human Civilization, Introduction The occurrence of crime is an ancient human civilizational habit. Humans have used retaliation as a form of punishment since the dawn of humanity. According to historical evidence, criminal victims have always sought revenge to appease their egos and sense of self-gratification. Several societal standards were established to impose restrictions in order to deter crime. The logical outcome was to identify those who violated the established rules, punish them, and isolate them from the majority of society. to make the procedure deterrent. As a result, institutions for inquiry, prosecution, and justice were created. In India, the process of the scientific revolution has been transformed by scientific advancement. The majority of people found a solution thanks to contemporary scientific techniques. Nonetheless, forensic science as a field has developed. The calibre of the evidence was crucial to both a successful criminal investigation and a just and equitable judicial system. The scientific and technological revolution has had a significant impact on population increase, social and economic change, and technological advancements. There are a few essential reasons why an Indian forensic science lab is required. INTRODUCTION The concept of Forensic Science is based on the fact that it is the application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by the police agencies in a criminal justice system”. Forensic Science deals with the “application of the knowledge and methodology of various disciplines of science to legal matters. For evidence analysis, it involves the use of multiple disciplines such as medicine, physics, forensic chemistry and biology, DNA profiling, computer science and engineering”. One of the instances is that physics and biology have used various components as well as elements to identify the chemical composition of various drugs. The basic function of forensic science in criminal justice and the legal system is often underestimated and extremely critical in nature. BACKGROUND OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INDIA Looking back at the historical version of forensic science in India, it can be analyzed application of science was imperative to solve criminal cases as well as well as critical crimes that need serious attention. The discussion centered around main branches of forensic science that include “forensic chemistry, forensic toxicology, and forensic behavioral science, questioned document, fingerprint forensics, digital forensics, cyber forensics, forensic anthropology, criminology, forensic biology, forensic ballistics, forensic serology” One of the important parts of forensic science is that the contamination of the sample collected, and crime scene is low as compared to earlier centuries. The Forensic science does not have modern connotations or methodology that is unique to the Indian investigation. In India, the ancestors around 2300 years ago had mentioned the application of science for investigating in DOI No: 10.5958/0974-4614.2023.00031.1 1. Associate Professor and Deputy Director, Amity Institute of Public Policy. Amity University Noida 2. Professor Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences. Amity University Noida 3. Assistant Professor Amity Institute of Public Policy, Amity University Noida Corresponding Author Dr Bidisha Banerji Associate Professor and Deputy Director, Amity Institute of Public Policy, Amity University Noida REVIEW OF FORENSIC SCIENCE IN INDIA: REVIEW PAPER Bidisha Banerji 1 , K. V. Ravi Kumar 2 , Avneet Kaur 3 REVIEW ARTICLE