Open Journal of Radiology, 2021, 11, 45-53 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojrad ISSN Online: 2164-3032 ISSN Print: 2164-3024 DOI: 10.4236/ojrad.2021.112005 Jun. 10, 2021 45 Open Journal of Radiology Role of MRI in Differentiation between Postoperative Tumoral Recurrence and Radiation-Induced Brain Necrosis in Patients of Glioblastoma Multiform Jama A. Mohamud 1* , Jianping Gu 1 , Salad A. Halane 2 , Farah A. Mohamud 3 1 Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 3 Department of General Surgery, Subei People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Abstract The distinction of radiation-induced brain necrosis (RBN) and recurrent glio- blastoma multiform (rGBM) remains a diagnostic challenge due to their si- milarly on routine follow-up imaging studies and also their clinical manife- stations. Our purpose of this review article is to evaluate the role of advanced MR imaging techniques such as Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), Diffu- sion-weighted imaging (DWI) and Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the differentiation of RBN and rGBM and their complications together with our experience and knowledge gained during our neuroimaging practice. Keywords MRI, Radiation, Brain Necrosis, Recurrent, Glioblastoma Multiforme 1. Introduction It is well-known that GBM is one of the deadliest forms and fast-growing pri- mary brain tumors in adults, with a poor prognosis despite maximal treatment, the standard treatment of patients with GBM include surgical resection and post- operative chemoradiotherapy [1] [2]. However, most patients develop relapse process after the first treatment which can be treated with re-resection, systemic treatment with targeted agents or cytotoxic chemotherapy, reirradiation, or ra- dio-surgery [3]. Some previous studies indicate that the therapeutic effect of re- current tumors is not as sensitive as those of primary tumors and in most cases How to cite this paper: Mohamud, J.A., Gu, J.P., Halane, S.A. and Mohamud, F.A. (2021) Role of MRI in Differentiation be- tween Postoperative Tumoral Recurrence and Radiation-Induced Brain Necrosis in Patients of Glioblastoma Multiform. Open Journal of Radiology, 11, 45-53. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojrad.2021.112005 Received: April 2, 2021 Accepted: June 7, 2021 Published: June 10, 2021 Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access