International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) ISSN: 2249 – 8958, Volume-8 Issue-4S, April 2019 87 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering and Sciences Publication Retrieval Number: D10120484S19/2019©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijeat.D1012.0484S19 Pharmacognostic Study and Quantifiction of Active Component (Amarogentin) Of Swertia Chirayita by HPLC Neetu Sharma, Ashish Sharma, Kumud Pant and Kapil Ghai Abstract: The present study deals with comparative pharmacognostic parameters involving moisture content, ash values, extractive values and quantification of active component (Amarogentin) in whole plant of two different sites of Garhwal [Chakrata (CK) and Kaddukhal(KK)] in Uttarakhand of Swertia chirayita have been carried out. The quantification of amarogentin evaluated by HPLC, results indicate that Chakrata site has higher percentage of amarogentin than Kaddukhal site. Adulteration and substitution of medicinal plants can be prohibited by standardization and authentication. Key words: Pharmacogenestic study, Amarogentin, HPLC, Swertia chirayita I. INTRODUCTION Plants have been used from ancient time for the curing of a variety of diseases and the efficiency of these drugs mainly depends upon the appropriate use and sustained availability of the valid raw materials [1].Those plants that contains active constituents which could be used for remedial purposes or for the synthesis of useful drugs are called medicinal plants [2]. The genuineness of the plant material plays a significant role for detection of standard plant material and comparison of adulterants. The Pharmacognostic study deals the structural, physical, chemical and sensory characters of the plant-drug which includes the history, botanical identification, collection, preparation and standardized of the plant to estimate the chief active constituent. The total ash value reflects the Carbonate, Phosphate, Oxides, Silicate, and Silica,Which represents the purity index of medicinal plants. The acid-insoluble ash value represents the amount of silica and the water soluble ash is the water soluble portion of the total ash in the plant [3]. The Swertia chirayita an important species of Gentianaceae family. Floristic Swertia chirayita is a robust plant 60 to 180 centimeters in length, branching, teret except near top, stout, branching towards top, stem round ; quadrangular towards top, green. Leaves 70-90 X 35-40 mm broadly lanceolate, sessile, elliptic acute, 5- 7- nerved. Flowers tetramerous, calyx smaller than corolla, oblong, tip acute, green, 1- nerved, 5-6 mm in size. Revised Manuscript Received on April 25, 2019. Neetu Sharma, Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India Ashish Sharma, Department of Chemistry, Govt. Degree college, Raipur Dehradun, India Kumud Pant and Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India. Kapil Ghai, Department of Chemistry, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India. Corolla is gamopetalous, greenish petals which are violet in centre. Bear two glands on each petal- each gland is a depression, which is bright green inside. Margin of the depression is covered by long purple hair which converges to form a summit. Its Androecium has 4- versatile filaments and anthers purple in colour, filament base slightly dilated. The tap root has yellowish pith with no smell. Fruit is a capsule bearing numerous minute seeds. The plant mostly grows in open, moist places and forest openings [4]. The ethno botanical utilization of this species is well known, it is used in its crude form for treatment against fever, treatment against scorpion sting, as a tonic for liver and heart. Its utility as an antidiabetic agent has also been recognized. In Ayurveda an infusion of the Swertia chirayita is generally employed for stomachic, febrifuge and anthelmintic treatment. The wide spread use of Swertia chirayita in traditional medicine reflects its pharmacological importance for ages. Its antithelmintic, hypoglycemic and antipyretic properties are attributed due to amarogentin, swerchirin, swertiamerin and other active principles of the herb. The plant has been classed in critical endangered because existing populations of Swertia chirayita are diminishing due to various biotic factors[4]. During the preliminary surveys of the Swertia chirayita from the known site, it was found that most of the sites had very poor or non significant population to become representative site of Swertia chirayita expect for two sites, where the population of Swertia chirayita were significant and possessed good vigor. II. MATERIALS AND METHOD 2.1 Collection Of Plant Material: The plant specimen of Swertia chirayita were collected in the end of September from two different locations, the first being from the Kauntalani Nursery, Chakrata Forest Division, District Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand and the second site for the collection of plant material is Kaddukhal of Saklana Forest range in Narendranagar Forest Division. 2.2. Identification Of The Plant Material The plant species has been confirmed and identified as Swertia chirayita by the plant taxonomist of Department of Botany, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun. and accession number 16430 has been assigned.