Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
Original article 1
1359-5237 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1097/MBP.0000000000000421
Accuracy testing of a new optical device for noninvasive
estimation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared
to intra-arterial measurements
Cyril Pellaton
a
, Anna Vybornova
b
, Sibylle Fallet
b
, Luisa Marques
a
,
Olivier Grossenbacher
b
, Bastien De Marco
b
, Valentin Chapuis
b
,
Mattia Bertschi
b
, Bruce S. Alpert
c,
* and Josep Solà
b
Objective The objective of this study was to compare
the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (BP)
estimations from a new optical device at the wrist with
invasive measurements performed on patients scheduled
for radial arterial catheterization in the ICU. Optical signals
were automatically processed by a library of algorithms
from Aktiia SA (OBPM – optical blood pressure monitoring
algorithms).
Methods A total of 31 participants from both
sexes, aged 32–87 years, were enrolled in the
study (NCT03837769). The measurement protocol
consisted of the simultaneous recording of reflective
photoplethysmographic signals (PPG) from the cuffless
optical device and the reference BP values recorded
by a contralateral radial arterial catheter. From the 31
participants, 23 subjects whose reference data quality
requirements were adequate were retained for further
analysis. The PPG signals from these patients were then
automatically processed by the Aktiia OBPM library of
algorithms, which generated uncalibrated estimates
of SBP and DBP. After the automatic assessment of
optical signal quality, 326 pairs of uncalibrated SBP and
DBP determinations from 16 patients were available
for analysis. These values were finally transformed into
calibrated estimations (in mmHg) using arterial catheter
SBP and DBP values, respectively.
Results For SBP, a mean difference (±SD) of 0.0 ±
7.1 mmHg between the arterial catheter and the optical
device values was found, with 95% limits of agreement
in the Bland-Altman method of –11.9 to + 12.2 mmHg
(correlation of r = 0.87, P < 0.001). For DBP, a mean
difference (±SD) of 0.0 ± 2.9 mmHg between arterial
catheter and the optical device values was found, with
95% limits of agreement in the Bland-Altman method of
–4.8 to + 5.5 mmHg (correlation of r = 0.98, P < 0.001).
Conclusion SBP and DBP values obtained by radial
artery catheterization and those obtained from optical
measurements at the wrist were compared. The new
optical technique appears to be capable of replacing more
traditional methods of BP estimation. Blood Press Monit
XXX:000–000 Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health,
Inc. All rights reserved.Blood Pressure Monitoring 2019,
XXX:000–000
Keywords: blood pressure, cuffless blood pressure,
optical blood pressure monitoring algorithms, optical technology
a
Hopital Neuchâtelois de Pourtalès,
b
Aktiia SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
and
c
University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence to Josep Solà, PhD, Aktiia SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Tel: +41 32 552 20 52; e-mail: josep@aktiia.com
* Retired
Received 5 August 2019 Accepted 20 October 2019
Introduction
The diagnosis and management of hypertension requires
today the measurement of blood pressure (BP) by means
of a cuff placed around the arm, generating patient dis-
comfort and limiting patient compliance. Aktiia SA, a
Swiss/US-based company, is currently developing a cuff-
less sphygmomanometer based on a patented technology
(OBPM – optical blood pressure monitoring) that uses a
simple optical sensor at the wrist [1,2]. This innovative
technology captures BP changes from each heartbeat
without performing any arterial occlusion, hence address-
ing the shortcomings of the routinely used cuffs.
The aim of the present study (NCT03837769) was to
compare the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP estimations
from the Aktiia OBPM technology applied at the wrist
with intra-arterial measurements in an ICU.
Participants and methods
Recruitment
Study participants were recruited from inpatients of the
HNE hospital (Hôpital Neuchâtelois) ICU. After exclu-
sion of patients with atrial fbrillation and tachycardia
(resting heart rate > 120 beats/min), a total of 31 patients
of both sexes already scheduled for arterial catheteriza-
tion were enrolled in the study. All patients gave their
written informed consent, and the study protocol was
approved by the local ethics committee.
The investigational device
The investigational device was a noninvasive sphygmo-
manometer that recorded optical signals at the wrist using
refection photoplethysmography [2]. The device con-
sisted of an external silicone housing that encapsulated an