INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 01, JANUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 783 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org Handover Techniques Analysis For Dense LTE Network Swapna Tangelapalli, Dr. P.Pardha Saradhi Abstract: In order to face the increasing demand for bandwidth caused by mobile data applications and value-added mobile services, 4G/LTE network deployments are Based on the emerging paradigm of networks, Among the various factors that are affecting factors of wireless cellular technology such as delay, throughput, latency etc ,the most effective one is Inter cell Interference(ICI). There are many methods for reducing this ICI, two of them are Frequency Reuse(FR) techniques and Handover techniques. In the dense LTE environment, the deployment of small cells, also called microcells or femto cells are very near in order to provide high data rates and improved quality of services. Different handover algorithms are used and are compared for the good quality of communications. LTE network topology is constructed and simulated done using Ns3 tool. RSRP and RSRQ values are used to calculate the performance of the system. NS-3 is used to simulate this environment and calculate different parameters for different cells like macrocell, microcell, etc using different handover techniques like A3 RSRP handover algorithm and A2A4 RSRQ handover algorithm. Index Terms: LTE; handover; NS-3; RSRP; RSRQ; microcell; macrocell. ——————————  —————————— 1. INTRODUCTION There has been major pattern shifts or changes in terms of technologies and architecture in mobile networks during the technological growth from 1st generation(1G) from 1980s towards 5th generation(5G) by 2020. There has been a drastic change in technology in mobile networks from 1G to 4G.Using advance digital signal processing and modulations techniques the thirst of system is towards high speed with great capacity. This project mainly focuses on the comparison study between different cell sizes with user equipments travelling in different speeds and different handover techniques used. This study is used in determining which handover technique to be used in different scenarios. Handover is the most important feature of a network which greatly impacts the performance of a system. There are many types of handover algorithms like A2A4 handover, A3 handover, no operation handover. When these parameters (RSRP, RSRQ) fall below threshold value handover procedure takes place. Handover is a process where one user equipment connected to one enodeB, which is called source enodeB is then connected to another enodeB, which is called neighbouring enodeB. The control transfer takes place considering RSRP (Reference signal Received power), RSRQ(Reference signal received quality), SINR(signal to interference noise ratio) etc. depending upon the handover algorithm. The main objective of this project is to simulate LTE environment, move the user equipment from one eNodeB to another eNodeB which are located at different distances for different cells where the speed of the user equipment also varies and then tabulate RSRP and RSRQ value at the time of handover. The results have been recorded by differing values of distance between enodeB‘s and speed of user equipment. The performance decreases when the handover time is more. Therefore, rate of call drops will increase leading to poor QOS( Quality of Service). The mobility management becomes difficult to achieve when the distance between eNodeB‘s is more. The increasing speed of the user equipment decreases the SINR ratio when the handover does not take place at the cell boundaries. The Paper is organized as, in chapter II explains about Handoff in Cellular network. Chapter III describes LTE handover measurement events, Chapter IV includes simulation procedure and Methodology following with results in chapter V along with future work and conclusion in chapter VI. 2 HANDOFF IN CELLULAR In cellular communications, the handoff is the way toward exchanging a functioning call or an information session from one cell in a phone arrange or starting with one channel then onto the next cell or another channel. Handoff is vital for counteracting loss of interference of administration to a guest or an information session client. Handoff is also called handover.The 3 different handover procedures are based on three different phases. These includes Handover information gathering,Handover decisioon policies and Handover E Cases of Handoff: Handoffs are triggered in many cases . Some of them are of the following situations: Every cell has a pre- characterized limit, for example, it can deal with just a particular execution. number of users. On the Off chance that the quality of clients utilizing a specific cell achieves its greatest limit at the point of handoff happens. A portion of calls are exchanged to bordering cells. Gave that the supporter is in the covering inclusion zone of both of the phones Cells are regularly subdivided into microcells. A handoff may happen where there is exchange of obligations from the expansive cell to the smaller cell and the other way around. For instance, there is a voyaging client moving inside the ward of big cell. On the Off chance that the explorer stops, at the point locale is exchanged to microcell to alleviate the heap on the huge cell.Handoff may likewise happen when there is an impedance of call utilizing a similar recurrence for correspondence. Type of Handoffs: There are two types of handoffs.  HARD HANDOFF: In the hard handoff, a real break in the association happens while changing starting with one cell then onto the next. The radio connection from the portable station to the current cell is first break before building up the connection with the following cell. It is commonly ———————————————  Tangelapalli Swapna , 1 Research Scholar,KL Demmed to be University,Vaddeshwaram, Inida, PH-9652380808. E Mail:swapna.tangelapalli@gmail.com  Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE,Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology,Hyderabad,India.E-mail:swapnat@sreenidhi.edu.in  Dr. P.Pardha Saradhi, Professor, Dept of ECE, K L Deemed to be University,Vaddeshwaram,India . E-mail: pspokkunuri@gmail.com