A New Reactive Hybrid Membership Function in Fuzzy Approach for
Identification of Inclined Edge Crack in Cantilever Beam Using Vibration
Signatures
Ranjan K. Behera
1, a *
, Sasmita Sahu
2, b
, Dayal R. Parhi
3, c
1,2,3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology,Rourkela,Odisha, India
a
ranjancet@gmail.com,
b
gudusasmita@gmail.com,
c
dayalparhi@yahoo.com
Keywords: inclined edge crack, crack parameters, FEA, vibration signatures, fuzzy, hybrid MF
Abstract. In this paper, the crack identification using smart technique (by several hybrid
membership functions in a fuzzy controller) has been developed for inverse analysis of the vibration
signatures (like modal frequencies, mode shapes) and crack parameters (like crack depth, crack
location and crack inclination) of an inclined edge crack cantilever beam. The modal frequencies
are obtained from finite element (using ANSYS) and experimental analysis which are used as inputs
to the hybrid fuzzy controller. The hybrid fuzzy system is designed by taking different types of
membership functions (MF) to determine the crack parameters. The calculated first three modal
frequencies are used to create number of fuzzy rules with the three output crack parameters. Finally,
the proposed hybrid technique is validated by comparing the results obtained from trapezoidal and
Gaussian fuzzy controllers, FEA and experimental results. The outcomes obtained from hybrid
fuzzy controller are in good agreement with experimental results.
Nomenclature
L : Length of the cantilever beam ν : Poisson’s ratio
b : Width of the cantilever beam E : Young's modulus of elasticity
t : Thickness of the cantilever beam RFNF : Relative First Natural Frequency
a : Edge Crack depth RSNF : Relative Second Natural Frequency
L
1
: Crack location from fixed end RTNF : Relative Third Natural Frequency
β : Relative crack location (= L
1
/L) RCL : Relative Crack Location
α : Relative crack depth (= a /t) RCD : Relative Crack Depth
θ : Crack inclination angle CA : Crack Angle
Introduction
Identification of premature cracks in engineering vibrating structure like beams, plates etc. during
their life period is the key issue to the researchers. There are several techniques to evaluate the
problem of a faulty beam such as theoretical, analytical, experimental etc. FEM (Finite Element
Method) is a general method to get the stiffness matrix of the cracked beam element. Many
researchers are using vibration parameters like stiffness, natural frequencies and mode shapes to
determine the position and depth of the crack in the beam.
Prasad et al. [1] investigated that the effect of crack position from free end to fixed end of the
vibrating cantilever beam at each of the frequency on the resolve of crack growth rate. B. P.
Nandwana and S. K. Maiti [2] have determined the crack position, crack depth and crack inclination
by using finite element method and experimental method. Bing et al. [3] identified the multiple
crack of beam by using a threestepmeshing method with less subdivision and more precision. It
can be used to detection of multiple cracks of complicated structure. Sugumaran and Ramachandran
[4] described the use of decision tree of a fuzzy classifier for choosing top few features that will
distinguish the fault condition of the bearing from given trained samples. Law and Lu [5] have
stated a time domain methods in which detect the crack parameters from strain or displacement
measurements. Curadelli et al. [6] used wavelet transfer to identify structural damage by the help of
Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 592-594 (2014) pp 1996-2000
Online available since 2014/Jul/15 at www.scientific.net
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.592-594.1996
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