3726 Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, October-December 2020, Vol. 14, No. 4 Prevalence of Childhood Obesity and its Prevention- Systematic Review Ranjana Chavan 1 , Mangesh Jabade 2 , Dipali Dumbre 2 1 Assistant Professor, 2 Tutor, Department of Community Health Nursing, Symbiosis College of Nursing, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Senapati Bapat, Road Pune, Maharashtra Abstract Introduction: Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century and prevalent global public health issue as children. The number of overweight or obese infants and young children (aged 0 to 5 years) increased from 32 million globally in 1990 to 41 million in 2016. Overweight and obese children are likely to stay obese into adulthood and more likely to develop non communicable diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular diseases at a younger age. Therefore Prevention of childhood needs high priority. Material & Methods: 125 citations in PubMed & ISI Web of science found by electronic search and fnally 19 articles were selected for writing systemic review. The search strategy consisted of search strings composed of terms targeting: prevalence, childhood obesity, prevention we restricted the search to articles published since 2012 to appropriate balances feasibility of implementation and the validity of the resulting information. Result: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 5-19 has risen dramatically from just 4% in 1975 to just over 18% in 2016. (WHO, 2017). Somewhere between 5.74 percent and 8.82 percent of school children in India are obese. In China, the overweight and obesity rate in children aged 7 and over was 12.2% and 7.3%, respectively. Four different studies were screened which was focused on at least one components like physical activity, physical ftness, fruit consumption. Signifcant changes observed on sedentary time (Watching TV and studying), active play time and fruit consumption but there was no effect on BMI or the prevalence of Overweight/ Obesity. A family Based Obesity prevention programme is effective strategy to prevent childhood obesity by providing physical activity classes to improve behavior and skills of the children. Conclusion: The strength of evidence is stated that family based intervention plays pivotal role in preventing Childhood obesity Key words- Childhood Obesity, prevention, prevalence, family based intervention Introduction Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century and prevalent global public health issue as children. The problem is global and it has been seen in both developed and developing countries, with recent prevalence estimates of 23 and 13%, respectively. It is steadily affecting many low and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. (1) The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that the child population is more in developing countries, so childhood obesity rapidly increasing in developing countries than in developed countries .(2) The number of overweight or obese infants and young children (aged 0 to 5 years) increased from 32 million globally in 1990 to 41 million in 2016. In the WHO African Region alone the number of overweight or obese children increased from 4 to 9 million over the same period. (3) An estimated 170 million children under 18 years of age were overweight or obese in 2008, and it has been projected that approximately 30% of all children will be affected by these conditions by 2030 (4, 5) Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels in the republic of India. India has the second-largest number of childhood obesity patients in the world, next to China. It has been estimated that 14.4 million children in India are affected by obesity, and its occurrence is increasing rapidly. (6)