1 Importance of good groundwater governance in economic development: the ١ case of western Iran ٢ Taraneh Sarami Foroushani 1 , Hamid Balali 1,* , Reza Movahedi 1 , Alishir Kurban 2,3,4,5 , Rando ٣ Värnik 6 , Ivana Janeska Stamenkovska 7 , Hossein Azadi 2,8 ٤ 1 College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran ٥ 2 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing ٦ Road, Urumqi 830011, China ٧ 3 Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ٨ 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China ٩ 4 Sino-Belgian Joint Laboratory for Geo-Information, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and ١٠ Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China ١١ 5 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing ١٢ 100049, China ١٣ 6 Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Chair of Rural Economics, Estonian ١٤ University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia ١٥ 7 Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food-Skopje, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in ١٦ Skopje, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia ١٧ 8 Department of Geography, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium ١٨ * Corresponding author Email: h-balali@basu.ac.ir ١٩ ٢٠ Abstract ٢١ Over the previous half century, increased groundwater mining has had significant social and economic ٢٢ implications that are still going on. Many solutions and frameworks have been proposed in the world to ٢٣ release these problems. In this study, we attempted to analyze the conditions of Hamedan-Bahar Plain in ٢٤