International Journal on Social Sciences, Economics and Arts, 13 (1) (2023) 01-11 Journal homepage: www.ijosea.isha.or.id Published by: Institute of Computer Science (IOCS) International Journal on Social Science, Economics and Art Journal homepage: www.ijosea.isha.or.id Management of human resources in national defense depend on defense economics point of view Ratih Rachma Kurnia 1 , Guntur Eko Saputro 2 , Sri Murtiana 3 1,2,3 Defense Management Faculty, Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received: Mar 12, 2023 Revised: Apr 09, 2023 Accepted: Apr 25, 2023 Indonesia is a country with abundant human resources but the number of military forces does not match with population and area. This paper aims to explain how the role of human resources as the main in the country's defense efforts to support the national economy because human resources (HR) is the most crucial resource and the element that determines the development of civilization, including the aspect of national defense. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study research approach by collecting information from journals, books, and other media to obtain topic-related materials. The result of this writing is that it can be concluded that the competence of a systematic and professional state defense management and implementation system is necessary to face threats to state defense, it is necessary to develop the strength and capabilities of state defense including the development of human resources, natural resources, artificial resources, facilities and infrastructure, technology, and defense industry as well as a value system to improve capabilities defense of the country and support the national economy. Keywords: Defense Economic; Economic; Human Resources; Management Human Resources; National Defense. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. Corresponding Author: Ratih Rachma Kurnia, Defense Management Faculty, Indonesia Defense University, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 3, Jakarta Pusat, 10430, Indonesia Email: ratihrachmakurnia@gmail.com 1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world, meaning that Indonesia has large human resources (HR). The Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration of the Ministry of Home Affairs recorded that Indonesia's population in June 2022 reached 277.75 million people (DUKCAPIL, 2022). The existence of industrial revolution 4.0 encourages the government to immediately improve the quality of human resources that support the welfare of the community. Science and technology that continues to develop also provide new potential threats so that the development of defense systems is accompanied by the development of qualified human resources. In addition, climate change, extreme weather, and the impact of the global pandemic present challenges to the success of the organization (Nijssen & Paauwe, 2012) including the management of national resources in national defense efforts. The number of active Indonesian soldiers is estimated to reach 400 thousand personnel, military personnel reserves 400 thousand personnel, and paramilitaries as many as 280 thousand personnel in 2021, while Indonesia's population is 277.75 million people. This means that the number of human resources in the defense sector is 0.004% of the total population in Indonesia.