Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
DOI 10.1007/s00406-017-0771-4
SHORT COMMUNICATION
Chronic low-grade peripheral infammation is associated
with severe nicotine dependence in schizophrenia: results
from the national multicentric FACE-SZ cohort
G. Fond
1,17,18
· F. Berna
1,6
· M. Andrianarisoa
1,2,3
· O. Godin
1,19,20
· M. Leboyer
1,2,3
· L. Brunel
1,2,3
·
B. Aouizerate
1,5,14,15
· D. Capdevielle
1,7
· I. Chereau
1,8
· T. D’Amato
1,9
· H. Denizot
1,8
· C. Dubertret
1,10
·
J. Dubreucq
1,11
· C. Faget
1,12
· F. Gabayet
1,11
· P. M. Llorca
1,8
· J. Mallet
1,10
· D. Misdrahi
1,5,16
· C. Passerieux
1,13
·
R. Richieri
1,12
· R. Rey
1,9
· A. Schandrin
1,7
· M. Urbach
1,13
· P. Vidailhet
1,6
· L. Boyer
1,4
· F. Schürhof
1,2,3
· The FACE-
SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia) group
Received: 20 September 2016 / Accepted: 23 January 2017
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2017
and/or NIC dependence in schizophrenia. Three hundred
and forty fve stabilized community-dwelling SZ subjects
aged 16 years or older (mean age = 32 years, 73% male)
were consecutively included in the network of the Fon-
daMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia and assessed
with validated scales. CPI was defned by a highly sensi-
tive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) ≥3 mg/L. Current tobacco
status was self-declared. Severe NIC dependence was
defned by a Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
score ≥7. Overall, 159 (46.1%) were non-smokers, 117
Abstract Chronic peripheral infammation (CPI) has
been associated with cognitive impairment in schizophre-
nia (SZ). However, its sources remain unclear, more specif-
ically it is not known whether tobacco smoking is a source
of infammation or not in SZ subjects. Moreover, nico-
tine (NIC), the major psychoactive compound of tobacco,
shows strong anti-infammatory properties in vitro, as well
as inducing a severe biological dependence when admin-
istered repeatedly. The objective of the present study was
to determine if CPI was associated with tobacco smoking
* G. Fond
guillaume.fond@gmail.com
1
Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
2
INSERM U955, équipe de psychiatrie translationnelle,
Créteil, France
3
Université Paris-Est Créteil, DHU Pe-PSY, Pôle de
Psychiatrie des Hôpitaux Universitaires H Mondor, Créteil,
France
4
Pôle psychiatrie universitaire, CHU Sainte-Marguerite,
13274 Marseille cedex 09, France
5
Centre Hospitalier Charles Perrens, Université de Bordeaux,
33076 Bordeaux, France
6
Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de
Strasbourg, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine
Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
7
Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Hôpital la
Colombière, CHRU Montpellier, Université Montpellier 1,
Inserm, 1061 Montpellier, France
8
CMP B, CHU, EA 7280 Faculté de Médecine, Université
d’Auvergne, BP 69 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1, France
9
INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en
Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1,
Equipe PSYR2, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Pole Est, 95
bd Pinel, BP 30039, 69678 Bron Cedex, France
10
AP-HP, Department of Psychiatry, Louis Mourier Hospital,
Colombes, Inserm U894, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne
Paris Cité, Faculté de médecine, Colombes, France
11
Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale, CH Alpes
Isère, Grenoble, France
12
Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM),
pôle universitaire de psychiatrie, Marseille, France
13
Service de psychiatrie d’adulte, Centre Hospitalier de
Versailles, UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil,
Université Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles,
France
14
Bordeaux Sleep Clinique, Pellegrin University Hospital,
Bordeaux University, USR CNRS 3413 SANPSY, Research
Unit, 33000 Bordeaux, France
15
Inserm, Neurocentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la
Plasticité Neuronale, U862, 33000 Bordeaux, France
16
CNRS UMR 5287-INCIA, Bordeaux, France
17
Clinique Jeanne d’Arc-Hôpital Privé Parisien, Saint-Mandé,
France
18
CHU Carémeau, Nîmes, France
19
UPMC University Paris 06, UMRS 943, 75013 Paris, France
20
INSERM, UMRS 943, 75013 Paris, France