Received 9 March 2023, accepted 31 March 2023, date of publication 12 April 2023, date of current version 21 April 2023. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3266558 MM-Wave High Isolated Dual Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna for In-Band Full-Duplex Systems MOHAMMAD ABEDIAN 1 , (Member, IEEE), MOHSEN KHALILY 1 , (Senior Member, IEEE), PEI XIAO 1 , (Senior Member, IEEE), FAN WANG 2 , RAHIM TAFAZOLLI 1 , (Senior Member, IEEE), AND AHMED A. KISHK 3 , (Life Fellow, IEEE) 1 Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), Home of the 5G & 6G Innovation Centres, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH Guildford, U.K. 2 Wireless Technology Laboratory, Huawei Technologies Company Ltd., Shanghai 518129, China 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 2W1, Canada Corresponding author: Mohsen Khalily (m.khalily@surrey.ac.uk) ABSTRACT A novel high-isolation dual-polarized in-band full-duplex (IBFD) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for satellite communications using a decoupling structure is proposed. Good isolation between transmit and receive ports is achieved by placing two identical linearly polarized resonators orthogonal to each other. Each resonator consists of a main rectangular dielectric resonator of the dielectric constant of 10 and is loaded by a thin dielectric slab of lower permittivity of 5 to broaden the matching bandwidth further. The isolation is further improved by loading an absorber and etching several slots in the ground plane. Finally, the proposed DRA is fabricated and measured to validate the concepts. Measurement results show high isolation of more than 50 dB over the desired operating bandwidth from 23.04 GHz to 24.08 GHz (ka-band) with a peak gain of about 8.93 dBi and 8.09 dBi for Port 1 and Port 2, respectively. In addition, the proposed IBFD DRA provides 11.87 GHz and 4.84 GHz isolation bandwidths over 25 dB and 30 dB, respectively, making it a potential candidate for mm-wave terrestrial applications. INDEX TERMS Dielectric resonator antenna, dual-polarization, in-band full-duplex. I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, deployable electromagnetic spectra have been highly demanded by dramatically increasing data traffc in wireless communication. As an emerging new transmis- sion technology, in-band full-duplex (IBFD) communication, which simultaneously transmits (Tx) and receives (Rx) sig- nals over the same frequency band, has attracted immense attention as a promising technique to increase spectrum eff- ciency with the potential to double the channel capacity com- pared to that of a time/frequency division method [1], [2]. However, practically, in the IBFD system, due to the exis- tence of high self-interference (SI) in the system, where the transmitted signal leaks to the Rx side, high isolation (as much as 110 dB) between Tx and Rx channels is required [3]. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Davide Ramaccia . In order to minimize the coupling in a full-duplex system, including antenna, RF, baseband, and digital domains, mul- tilayer self-interference cancellation (SIC) approaches are needed correspo0nding to antenna isolation, active/passive analogue cancellation circuits, and digital cancellation algo- rithms. The main bottleneck problems with the current IBFD system design include bandwidth limitation imposed by the RF self-interference cancellation circuits and implementation complexity, and large insertion loss associated with RF SIC circuits. As such, achieving high isolation in the antenna domain relieves the burden placed on other layers and helps mitigate the overall complexity of a simultaneously transmits and receives (STAR) transceiver [4]. A plethora of full-duplex (FD) antennas with high iso- lation, including microstrip, cavity, and slot antennas, have been reported in the literature [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], 38218 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ VOLUME 11, 2023