International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | July 2018 | Vol 6 | Issue 7 Page 2361 International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Khan SP et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2018 Jul;6(7):2361-2364 www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012 Original Research Article Bone marrow aspiration in haematological disorders: study at a tertiary care centre Subuh Parvez Khan 1 *, Sajad Geelani 2 , Shareefa Akhter 1 , Shuaeb Bhat 1 , Saleem Hussain 1 , Fahim Manzoor 1 , Javid Rasool 2 , Fiza Parvez Khan 3 INTRODUCTION Bone marrow examination is useful in the diagnosis of both hematological and non-hematological disorders. The two most important techniques used for the diagnosis of hematological disorders are bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is an invasive procedure whereby spongy bone marrow is obtained through a needle aspiration for diagnostic evaluations especially cytology and stem cell harvest. 1-4 bone marrow examination was first done by Mosler in 1876 using a regular wood drill to aspirate bone marrow particles from a patient with leukaemia. 2 Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) alone is usually sufficient to diagnose nutritional anaemias, and most of the acute leukaemias. In today’s practice, use of BMA is not limited to 1 Department of Haematopathology, 2 Department of Clinical Haematology, 3 Department of Pathology, Sher e Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India Received: 20 April 2018 Accepted: 22 May 2018 *Correspondence: Dr. Subuh Parvez Khan, E-mail: khansubuh@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Background: The bone marrow examination is an essential investigation for the diagnosis and management of many disorders of the blood and bone marrow. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) alone is usually sufficient to diagnose nutritional anaemias, and most of the acute leukaemias. Aim was to study the spectrum of haematological disorders diagnosed on bone marrow aspiration. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Haematology in Sher e Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Kashmir for a period of 2 years from December 2015 to December 2017. Bone marrow examination of 2131 cases of suspected hematological disorders was carried out. Bone marrow was aspirated from posterior superior iliac spine under local anaesthesia. Aspirates of dry tap were excluded from the study. Aspiration smears where stained with Leishmann stain for morphological examination. Results: A total of 2131 cases were included in this study. Male to female ratio in our study was 1.9:1. The age range of cases was from 1-80 years and the mean age was 47.3 years. Anemia was the most common haematological disorder in our study accounting for 25.6% of cases followed by acute leukaemia accounting for 22.3% and multiple myeloma (13.3%). Among anemias, megaloblastic anemia was most common followed by dual deficieny anemia. Among leukaemias, acute myeloid leukaemia (13.2%) was more common than acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (9.1%). Conclusions: Bone marrow aspiration cytology is a mildly invasive technique which can diagnose many hematological and non-hematologic diseases that can be confirmed by more advanced investigations viz. serological, biochemical or molecular. It is a highly informative test procedure performed for evaluating blood and blood related diseases in our environment. Keywords: Anemia, Bone marrow aspiration, Leukaemia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182817