1 Report from the UNIDO Fish Taxonomy Training Workshop, Red-Sea University, Port Sudan, Sudan (6-15th October 2015) Franz Uiblein Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway Summary A fish taxonomy training workshop was conducted at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Red Sea University (RSU), Port Sudan, 6-15 th October 2015, as a supportive element of the UNIDO project “Building institutional capacities for the sustainable management of the marine fishery in the Red Sea State”. The main goals of this workshop were (1) to assist in the establishment of local expertise in the proper identification of bony marine fish species targeted by the coastal fisheries and (2) to develop and provide tools for fish species identification at fish markets and landing sites, and during field surveys. The workshop was attended by sixteen participants representing four Sudanese institutions and two fisheries landings sites. During the workshop the participants were provided with selected samples of fish species from the Segala fish market (Port Sudan) and the Suakin landing site which had to be identified and diagnosed using a specially prepared Illustrated Species List of Marine Market Fishes of Sudan (= the “List”), both in hardcopy and electronic (pdf) versions. This work was conducted in groups with subsequent presentation of the identification results by individual participants and discussions on diagnostic characters and local fish names. A total of 52 fish species of 20 families were identified at the workshop based on at least three main diagnostic characters for families and species, respectively. Furthermore, fish length was determined and – pending on requirement – detailed morphometric measurements and/or counts of meristic characters were made. After this work, the fishes were labeled and frozen for later inclusion in the fish collection of the Port Sudan Aquarium (RSU). During the workshop an excursion to the Suakin fisheries landing site was carried out to directly demonstrate the work of the landing-site coordinators, collect additional fishes, and discuss local fish names with local fisheries experts. The methods and procedures as well as the outcomes of the workshop are described in detail, followed by a short discussion of main results, and conclusions.