Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-020-00428-3
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The New Control Scheme for the PV and Wind Hybrid System
Connected to the Single Phase Grid
Deekshitha S. Nayak
1
· R. Shivarudraswamy
1
· Florent Drossard
2
Received: 13 December 2018 / Revised: 9 October 2019 / Accepted: 8 April 2020
© The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020
Abstract
The proposed system comprises of the hybrid (PV and wind) system for 1 kw is integrated with the single phase grid. The
new control scheme sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) switching with a deadbeat based PI controller is designed to a
DC/AC single phase inverter. This controller is used to pure sinusoidal output voltage with low total harmonic distortion
(THD), fast dynamic response control techniques and to keep the power output constant if any variation in the input from the
PV and wind system occurs, and the output voltage at the grid remains constant. Even when the load varies, the sinusoidal
voltage output maintains 230V
rms
with 50 Hz frequency and also low THD is 2.54%. This controller proves the stifness and
robustness characteristics for maintaining the output voltage at desired value with low harmonics.
Keywords PV panel · Wind system · DC bus · Single phase inverter · Controller
1 Introduction
With the constant growth of the global population, the
requirements for electricity are increasing. The conventional
energy sources like oil, gas and coal cause pollution to the
environment. So the renewable energies are the alternative
to this issue. The solar and wind energies are the most used
as the source of energy because it is eco-friendly and avail-
able in an abundant amount. However, these two energies
are intermittent; in order to have a system that can provide
electricity continuously, a hybrid system (wind and PV) is
modelled. In industry, according to the IEEE Standard 519-
1992, the total harmonic distortion voltage (THD) should
not exceed 5%. According to IEEE 1547, the inverter should
be efcient and comply with the requirements of the har-
monic control, interconnections, and safety standards [1].
In general, for generating a low distortion voltage output,
there are many methods. One of them is the optimum fxed
LC compensator, used to design for minimizing the expected
value of the total harmonic distortion, which is desirable for
maintaining the precise value of the power factor (PF). The
hybrid series active power flters or series and shunt com-
pensation can be employed for eliminating the harmonics
when nonlinear loads are associated to an inverter. How-
ever, the proper use of reactive shunt compensators and fl-
ters may enhance the harmonic current content and voltage
distortion in the feeder of the systems. The usage of pure
capacitive compensators combined with source harmonics
would degrade the power factor and overload the equipment.
In the series active flters in two-level pulse width modu-
lation based inverters have the disadvantages of harmonic
noise of the higher order and extra switching losses due to
higher frequency commutation. The dynamic performance
of repetitive control approaches is low and requires the pre-
cise values of the flter components, as well as the system
stability remaining within a narrow operating range. The odd
harmonic repetitive control scheme also has a disadvantage,
in that the even harmonic residues arise in the tracking error.
Besides, the sliding mode control has been confrmed to
cope with uncertainty, but a chattering problem will cause
during hardware implementation [1]. The selective harmonic
eliminated PWM control and fuzzy logic control in inverter
systems are extremely dependent on the accessibility of the
memory space of a microcontroller during implementation.
The load uncertainty is modeled using robust optimization
method while the other uncertainties are modeled using the
stochastic method [2].
* R. Shivarudraswamy
swamysrs@redifmail.com
1
Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, India
2
Engineering School ESIGELEC, Rouen, France