The Language of Advertising:
Who Controls Quality?
Robert G. Wyckham
Peter M. Banting
Anthony K. P. Wensley
Language is a major component of most adver-
tisements. Words, phrases, and sentences are
used in advertising to convey information, to
influence attitudes and to affect behavior. Select-
ing appropriate terminology and the creative use
Robert George Wyckham is Associate Professor at the
Faculty of Business Administration, Simon Fraser
University and at present Director Undergraduate
Programs. He was formerly Visiting Professor at
the Michigan State University and the University
of Manchester. He was the author of Problems in
Branch Bank Administration and coauthor of Images
and Marketing and SmallBusinessManagement: Text
and Cases. He further published articles in various
journals, e.g. Journal of the Academy of Marketing
Sciences. Journal of Retailing and European Journal
of Marketing.
Peter M. Banting is Professor at the Faculty of Business,
McMaster University and at present Visiting Professor
at the Institute for International Studies and Training,
Fujinomiya, Japan. He wasformerly Visiting Professor
at the Cranfield School o f Management, Bedfordshire,
England, at York University, and at the Wilfrid
Laurier University. His most important publications
are: Ross, R.E. and P.M. Banting, 'Improving
Canada's Global Competitiveness', BusinessQuarterly
(1981), 41-46 and Banting, P.M., Canadian Mar-
keting (McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., Toronto, 1977),
305 pp.
Anthony K. Wensley is Lecturer and Head of the Micro-
computor Group at the University of Waterloo. He
was formerly Lecturer at McMaster University,
Hamilton, Ontario. His most important publications
are: 'The Teaching of Computing Using Micro-
Computers; LB.S.C.U.G. Conference (San Francisco,
1982), and P~ensley, A. K., 'The Efficiency of Cana-
dian Foreign Exchange Markets', McMaster Faculty
of Business Working Paper, No. 161.
of syntax 1 to accomplish the advertiser's objec-
tives are critical functions in the development of
advertising.
The advertiser chooses words and syntax in
order to achieve specific marketing goals with a
particular target audience. In determining the
language to be used, decisions are often made to
break the commonly accepted rules of standard
English. The Pillsbury Frosting commercial
which states that the product "spreads as good
as it tastes" is an example. The advertiser
apparently decided to use "the language of the
people" as opposed to using correct grammar.
Presumably this was done to communicate more
effectively. Rules of grammar also may be
broken as a device to attract attention. No doubt
the copy writer who developed the Sprite
advertising made such a decision when the
phrase "the uppest taste" was selected. Large
numbers of print advertisements contain phrases
which are treated as sentences. It is generally
accepted that short sets of words are easily com-
prehended. Hence the advertiser ignores gram-
matical convention. Phrases, such as "In hardest
water.., up to 30% cleaner", in a Calgon adver-
tisement, are based on an open flaunting of the
traditional rules of English. Nevertheless, the
advertiser achieves some degree of memorability
and uniqueness (Nilsen, 1976). Those who
create advertising copy which does not conform
with standard English generally do so with
marketing communication objectives in mind.
It is not known whether advertising messages
which use language that transgresses accepted
rules of grammar are more powerful as com-
munication devices than grammatically correct
messages. The literature of advertising and
marketing is silent on this issue. However, it
seems likely that, wittingly or unwittingly,
Journal of Business Ethics 3 (1984) 47-53. 0167-4544/84/0031-0047500.70.
© 1984 by D. Reidel Publishing Company.