Jurnal Teknik Industri Vol. 8, No. 1, 2022 Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Karya Ilmiah dalam Bidang Teknik Industri 12 Application of SPC and FMEA Methods to Reduce the Level of Hollow Product Defects Cicilia Sriliasta Bangun 1* , Arif Maulana 2 , Roesfiansjah Rasjidin 3 , Taufiqur Rahman 4 1,2,3,4 Jurusan Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Esa Unggul Jl. Arjuna Utara No. 9, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta, 11510 Email: cicilia.bangun@esaunggul.ac.id, arifmaulana2798@gmail.com, roesfiansjah.rasjidin@esaunggul.ac.id, taufiqur.rahman@esaunggul.ac.id ABSTRACT Case study conduct on a manufacturing company that produces hollow and pipe from rolled iron plate. The production data showed that during January up to October 2021 there were still defects products with the percentage greater than 5%. The specified tolerance limit for defects. In order to maintain quality and increase production efficiency, this company strives to reduce the defect rate. This study aims to reduce the level of defect by using Statistical Process Control methods and the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method to analyze the level of the worst defects by finding the highest damage value Risk Priority Number (RPN). Histogram showed that the biggest defect occurs in welding (7,51%). Analysis using Fishbone diagram found that the welding defect mostly occur due to human factor, machines, methods, materials, and the environment. The result of FMEA method analysis showed machine setting had the highest RPN and became the first priority to solve. It happened because there is no SOP yet that contains definite engine parameters, such as engine speed and voltage. Based on these results, this study suggests companies to prepare SOPs to be a guide for operators at work. Keywords: Defect, FMEA, Fishbone Diagram, Quality, Statistical Process Control (SPC), Introduction In this era of globalization, every company must maintain product quality to compete and survive. Efficiency and quality are the keys for companies to have global competitiveness (Manova and Yu, 2017). PT. Surya Baja Pipa Indonesia (SBPI) is a manufacturing company that produces hollow and pipe from rolled iron plate. The company has set quality standards for these hollow with a maximum defect tolerance limit of 5%. However, production data from January to October 2021 shows that there is a defect that exceeds the said tolerance limit. This is not in line with the company's goal to maintain the quality of its products in order to satisfy consumer and at the same time increase production efficiency. The purpose of this study is to identify the most dominant defect that occurs in hollow product and to find out the cause of the defect and to provide recommendation for improvements to reduce the number of defects in hollow product. This study uses the Statistical Process Control method followed by Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to determine the priority of the main causes of defects based on the RPN (Risk Priority Number). Methodology In this study, data collection was carried out through field research with direct interviews and direct observations as well as documentation studies of PT. SPBI. The production data used in this study is the production data of hollow products for the period of August – October 2021, which shows that defect products are still greater than 5%, the maximum tolerance limit that set by the company. The production data was processed using the SPC method and followed by the FMEA method. Furthermore, from the analysis results will be obtained recommendations for improvement in order to reduce the percentage of defects in PT. SBPI. Result and Discussion A. Analysis Using SPC (Statistical Process Control) SPC is an application of statistical methods used to monitor standards, make measurements and take corrective actions during the production process of products or services (Heizer dan Render, 2006). With SPC, it is expected that the production process will run smoothly as the plan to meet product specification. Variations that arise during the production process can be immediately detected and corrected so as to reduce product defects or waste and even avoid defective products being sent to customers. This is the advantage using SPG rather than other inspection methods that detect and repair after a problem occurs (Mason & Antony, 2000). SPC analysis begins with preparing a check sheet, follows by histogram diagram, control chart (p- chart), Pareto diagram and fishbone diagram as follows: 1. Check Sheet contains information on observation times, types of defects and production quantities making it easier to inspect (Fachriyah, 2021). The