JPII 10 (3) (2021) 428-438
Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia
http://journal.unnes.ac.id/index.php/jpii
IMPROVING UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE EDUCATION STUDENTS’
ARGUMENTATION SKILLS THROUGH DEBATES
ON SOCIOSCIENTIFIC ISSUES
Martini*
1
, W. Widodo
2
, A. Qosyim
3
, M. A. Mahdiannur
4
, B. Jatmiko
5
1,2,3,4
Science Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
5
Physics Education, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia
DOI: 10.15294/jpii.v10i3.30050
Accepted: April 29
th
2021. Approved: September 28
th
2021. Published: September 30
th
2021
ABSTRACT
This research aims to examine undergraduate students’ argumentation skills during and after the learning process
in the classroom setting and their responses toward the implementation of socioscientific issues (SSI) through
debate in the learning process. This research involved 32 undergraduate students and implemented design-based
research with pretest and posttest in a natural classroom setting using three topics of SSI debate that widely
discussed in Indonesia: Nuclear Powerplant (Topic 1), Food Preservation (Topic 2), and Genetically Modified
Organism (Topic 3). Data was collected using observation sheets, tests, and questionnaires. Observation is to
measure argumentation ability when applying the debate method in class settings, the test measures the improve-
ment of argumentation skills, and questionnaires measure students’ responses to the application of the debate
method. In this study, argumentation scores were obtained from six indicators and divided by a maximum score
of 24 times 100. Normalized gain (N-gain) was calculated to determine the effectiveness of the intervention in
the classroom. T-test was also conducted to test the significance of the differences in the pretest and posttest
results on argumentation skills. The results obtained in this study are: the argumentation skills score during the
learning process for six groups were 95, 80.6, 90.3, 95, 83.3, and 77.5; the mean score of pretest and posttest
were 52.22 ± 6.62 and 85.78 ± 4.72. The consistency of opinions shows the change from “agree” to “disagree”
for Topics 1 and 3. The undergraduate students agree and consistently agree toward Topic 2. The paired t-test
result also shows that the intervention statistically has a significant difference between the two means, indicating
that the undergraduate students’ argumentation skills are better than before the intervention. Otherwise, most of
the undergraduate students respond positively toward the implementation of the debate related to SSI. Despite
some limitations, the debate on SSI can improve argumentation skills in classroom settings, especially in science
education majors.
© 2021 Science Education Study Program FMIPA UNNES Semarang
Keywords: debate method; socioscientific issues; argumentation skills
*Correspondence Address
E-mail: martini@unesa.ac.id
INTRODUCTION
Science teachers’ mastery of content kno-
wledge is vital for assessing contemporary issues
in the community’s conversation topic. Science
content knowledge is also associated with scienti-
fic inquiry because it includes subject matter kno-
wledge and science process skills (Ling & Lim,
2014).
Science learning must also provide space
to create a democracy that provides freedom to
students to use their knowledge of scientific con-
tent, discuss, and maintain opinions with peers
(Nielsen, 2012; Dawson & Carson, 2017). Scien-
ce learning must also be part of people’s lives, ta-
king place in various settings that involve students
and community members in activities that are be-
neficial to their lives (Genisa et al., 2020). Based
on the importance of contemporary issues in the
community, democracy, and scientific contents, it