International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery | July 2023 | Vol 9 | Issue 7 Page 577 International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Cofré NFV et al. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023 Jul;9(7):577-585 http://www.ijorl.com pISSN 2454-5929 | eISSN 2454-5937 Systematic Review Facial Doppler ultrasound in minimally invasive procedures Natalia Francesca Vidal Cofré 1 *, Victor Mercado Martinez 2 , Ignacio Novoa Cornejo 3 INTRODUCTION Ultrasound (US) was first introduced in clinical dermatology in 1979. However, its use in aesthetic dermatology started much later, utilizing the US machine as a clinical imaging technique. 1,2 In recent years, dermatological US images have rapidly increased due to the development of high-resolution multifrequency transducers and multi-channel color Doppler equipment. As a result, the US has moved beyond the experimental phase and has reached a stage of daily use in different centers worldwide. Additionally, the number of publications in indexed literature has experienced exponential growth in the last decade. 2 Currently, a wide variety of US devices can detect dermatological lesions, incorporating variable frequency transducers that work in ranges from 15 to 70 MHz and have color Doppler, allowing the detection of the type of capillary (arterial or venous) and blood flow velocity. The ability to vary the frequency of the transducer allows for penetration regulation according to the target structure. The use of the US is operator-dependent. 3 In last decade, there has been an increase in minimally invasive facial aesthetic procedures worldwide. 2 Therefore, this article aims to compile available information to understand the current applications of the US in minimally invasive facial procedures, the basic principles of its use, and to generate a working guide. Aim This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential applications of US as a complementary tool for minimally invasive aesthetic medical procedures. Specifically, this review aims to evaluate the benefits of US imaging in these procedures and to explore the potential uses of US technology by different accredited health professionals who perform such procedures. Additionally, the review aims to describe the safety standards and guidelines for both the operator and the patient while using the US in these ABSTRACT Color Doppler ultrasound (US) is an important ally in minimally invasive aesthetic procedures at the facial level. The three-dimensional images obtained make it possible to carry out a complete vascular mapping of the face, relate the different anatomical structures and observe the cutaneous and subcutaneous thickness. Knowing this information will make it easier for the professional to carry out safe planning in the injection of a "filler" in different dermal structures. Thus, this article intends to be a guide when carrying out such procedures, as well as in the management of possible complications. Knowledge of this information will allow the professional a safer procedure, with fewer possibilities of complications and clinical failures, making aesthetic and functional results compatible satisfactorily. Keywords: Facial tissues, US, Hyaluronic acid, Orofacial 1 Clinica Vida In, Reñaca, Valparaíso, Chile 2 Instituto de reurorehabilitación y balance, Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile 3 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States Received: 13 May 2023 Accepted: 14 June 2023 *Correspondence: Dr. Natalia Francesca Vidal Cofré, E-mail: natalia.vidal.cofre@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20231817