Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI)
Vol. 10, No. 4, December 2022, pp. 983~995
ISSN: 2089-3272, DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v10i4.4216 983
Journal homepage: http://section.iaesonline.com/index.php/IJEEI/index
ANFIS multi-tasking algorithm implementation scheme for
ball-on-plate system stabilization
Oussama Hadoune
1
, Mohamed Benouaret
2
1,2
Department of Electronics, LASA Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received Oct 10, 2022
Revised Dec 22, 2022
Accepted Jan 2, 2023
This paper presents the design and realization of a ball-on-plate system using
a 3-degree-of-freedom parallel robot controlled by an adaptive neuro-fuzzy in-
ference system. The ball-on-plate system is nonlinear, multivariable, with an
under-actuated feature. Initially, the parallel robot is designed using
SolidWorks and mechanized using a computer numerical control machine.
Followed by the presentation of the ball-on-plate system mathematical model
and the simplified model obtained. Afterwards, the inverse kinematics are
performed to derive the appropriate angle for each servomotor. Eventually, the
controller is designed and implemented in a double loop feedback scheme. A
comparison between the proposed controller and a conventional proportional–
integral–derivative controller in terms of time response, overshoot, and steady-
state error is carried out. Furthermore, a comparison between sequential and
asynchronous parallel processing is conducted for two different scenarios. The
first scenario is when moving the ball to the origin while the second is for
disturbance rejection. Simulation and experimental results show that the
adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system implemented using asynchronous
parallel processing improves the real-time system stability by considerably
decreasing oscillations as well as enhancing the ball movement smoothness
with a small stead-state error.
Keywords:
Parallel robot
ANFIS
Multitasking
Ball-on-plate
Neural-network
Copyright © 2022 Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science.
All rights reserved.
Corresponding Author:
Oussama HADOUNE
Department of Electronics, Faculty of Technology
University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba
Bp 12, 23000 Annaba, Algeria
Email: oussama.hadoune@univ-annaba.org
1. INTRODUCTION
Parallel robots are often used in different areas such as industrial practices, flight simulators, and
medical science due to their high stiffness (the ability to lift a heavy weight that is shared by multiple legs),
high-speed task execution (due to low moment of inertia), and their ability to solve high-precision problems.
The ball-on-plate system (BPS) is generally used on 2-Degrees of Freedom (DOF), which is used as an
educational platform where controllers can be tested. This type of ball-on-plate system is mainly used by
schools and research institutes to help improve students’ learning process. In this regard, the ball -on-plate
system can be an excellent educational kit to understand nonlinear control, uncertainties, and controller design.
A rotary pendulum system is a benchmark problem as well; however, it can be dangerous if we lose control
over it. Therefore, the ball-on-plate system is the most suitable platform on which controllers can be tested
safely.
Several research papers on the ball-on-plate system have already been published. Tudic et al. [1]
conducted a comparative study between PID and a PD controllers in which they were applied to a 2-DOF ball
balancer that was designed and manufactured using a 3D printer. Note that both controllers were implemented
on an Arduino platform. The experimental results demonstrate that the PD algorithm prove to be more
successful than the PID controller. Furthermore, Chevalier et al. [2] used a ball-on plate system on a 6-DOF
Stewart platform controlled by an automatic calibration with a robust PD controller to compensate for the
characterized dynamic model changes by the use of balls with different surfaces, masses, and diameters without