Brief Communication Predictors for diagnosing metabolic syndrome among hypertensive patients in a tertiary care centre Jaya Prakash Sahoo a, *, Savita Kumari b , Sanjay Jain b a Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India b Department of Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India 1. Introduction Hypertension is seen in up to one third of adult population of India at present [1]. These patients are at risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Concomitant presence of metabolic syndrome further increases the risk for CVDs among them [2]. So, it is important to know the proportion of hypertensive subjects having metabolic syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS varies from 29% to 68% among hypertensive patients in different studies [3–6]. As a resource poor country, it may not be possible to screen all hypertensive subjects for the presence of MS. Here comes the role of predictors for MS; so that only high risk hypertensive subjects can be targeted. Hence, this preliminary study was done to evaluate the predictors for the presence of MS among hypertensive subjects. 2. Subjects, materials and methods One hundred and seventeen hypertensive patients (PGIMER) (18 years) from the hypertension clinic of a tertiary care centre were included in this study over one year. The subjects having secondary hypertension (renal, endocrine, vascular & drug induced), chronic infection, malignancy and long term steroid therapy were excluded from this study. Additionally, pregnancy and post-partum (up to six weeks) ladies were also excluded. The diagnosis and management of hypertension was based on JNC VII guidelines [7]. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the institute. All subjects gave their informed consent before participating in the study. A detailed history taking and physical examination including anthropometry (height, weight, & waist circumference (WC)) were performed in all patients [8]. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in right upper limb in sitting position [7]. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing the weight in kilograms by the height in metres squared. Overweight and obesity were defined as those having BMI 23–24.9 kg/m 2 and BMI 25 kg/m 2 respectively [8]. Blood chemis- try included measurements of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) & high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol). The serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was derived from Friedewald formula [9]. Non-HDL cholesterol was calculated by subtracting HDL cholesterol from total cholesterol. MS was diagnosed according to both modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria [10,11]. 3. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 17. All continuous variables were presented as median with inter-quartile ranges (IQR) except age and LDL cholesterol, which were expressed as mean & standard deviation (SD). Mann–Whitney U test and unpaired t test were used to compare these variables between hypertensive subjects with and without MS. The categorical data were expressed as frequency (as percentages), which were compared using Chi Square test. Correlation between the variables Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews xxx (2015) xxx–xxx A R T I C L E I N F O Keywords: Anthropometry Lipid profile Obesity A B S T R A C T Metabolic syndrome (MS) was present in 71% of adult hypertensive subjects according to modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria in a tertiary care health centre. Female gender and higher body mass index (BMI) were predictors for MS among these patients. BMI cut off of 23 (overweight) had sensitivity of 94% and positive predictive value of 75% for diagnosing MS among them. ß 2015 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. * Corresponding author at: House No-28, Lane-B, VVP Nagar, Puducherry 605009, India. E-mail address: jppgi@yahoo.com (J.P. Sahoo). G Model DSX-459; No. of Pages 3 Please cite this article in press as: Sahoo JP, et al. Predictors for diagnosing metabolic syndrome among hypertensive patients in a tertiary care centre. Diab Met Syndr: Clin Res Rev (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2015.02.011 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews jo ur n al h o mep ag e: www .elsevier .c om /loc ate/d s x http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2015.02.011 1871-4021/ß 2015 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.