5048
Copyright © 1996 IFAC
13th Triennial World Congress. San Francisco. USA
3b-04 1
TUNING AND AUTO-TUNING IN PREDICTIVE CONTROL
K. Yamuna Rani and H. Unbehauen
Control Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering,Ruhr-University
D-447BO Bochum,Germany
email: office@esr.ruhr-uni-bochum.de
Abstract: Several tuning guidelines proposed in literature have been investigated with the
help of simulation studies for model predicitve control. Two typical examples are chosen as
a third-order system with variable time constant and a second-order plus dead-time system
with variable dead-time and time constant. The results illustrate the usefulness of the exist-
ing methods. A modified version of a supervisory performance tuning procedure has also
been applied to these systems with the intention of exploring the possibility of application of
auto-tuning in Model Predictive Control. A new tuning procedure is finally presented on
the basis of the results obtained using several previously existing tuning guidelines.
Keywords: Predictive control, tuning characteristics, autotuners.
1. INTRODUCTION
During the last decade, there has been an increasing trend
in the industry towards the use of long range predictive
controllers such as Dynamic Matrix Control (Cutler and
Ramaker, 1980), Model Algorithmic Control (Richalet et
aI., 1978), Generalized Predictive Control (Clarke et aI.,
1987) and so on. Kramer and Unbehauen (1992) provide
an extensive review concerning the theoretical and practi-
cal aspects of several long range predictive controllers. In
this study, attempts are made to compare several existing
tuning guidelines for predictive controllers in order to arri-
ve at a best tuning procedure with the help of a few simu-
lation studies. Also, the concept of auto-tuning of the con-
troller parameters after every setpoint change is examined
for the same examples. In the next section, the prelimina-
ries of predictive controllers are described briefly and the
tuning guidelines proposed for Dynamic Matrix Control
(DMC) and Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) are pre-
sented. The following section presents the results of these
methods when applied to typical simulation examples with
process parameter changes such as lime constant, time
delay, etc. Also, the results of application of a modified
version of an auto-tuning method for GPC of these systems
is discussed. Finally, the conclusions are presented.
2. TUNING METHODS IN PREDICTIVE
CONTROL
The concept of predictive control has been introduced
mainly in order to deal with plants with complex characte-
restics such as inverse response, dead time, etc. These
controllers employ a common procedure: predicting the
process outputs over a horizon based on the past input and
output values using a model; computing a sequence of
future manipulated input variable moves such that the
predicted output response exhibits certain desirable cha-
racterestics; implementing only the first control action of
the sequence computed; and repeating the same procedure
at the next sampling instant.
Predictive control approaches have been classified into two
major categories depending on the model employed - non