1154 Medico-legal Update, July-September 2020, Vol.20, No. 3 Assessment of Risk Factors of Lung Cancer Patients in Babylon Governorate ,Iraq Ali Abdullah Jasim 1 , Basim Hussein Bahir 2 1 Master Student, Master Of Community Health Technology, College of Health and Medical Technology Baghdad. 2 PhD Community Medicine , Department of Community Health , College of Health and Medical Technology Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Iraq Abstract Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common and serious types of cancer. Cigarette smoking is the main cause of lung cancer.The aims of this study was therefore to assess the risk factors of lung cancer patients in Babylon governorate including tobacco smoking , family history, and occupational exposures, measurement of radon gas in the bed room of patients with lung cancer. Patients and Methods: A case – control study was conducted in Babylon oncology center , Murjan medical city during the period from 8 th of may to 2 nd of september 2019. This center received all lung cancer patients in Babylon governorate. Results: The study showed that 43.3% of cases were in the age groups 60- 69 years. Males constitute 69.5 % of cases, seventy one percentage of cases were residing in a rural area. Smoking is the main risk factors of lung cancer in 75.8% , the risk of lung cancer in current smoker is three times more than that of non smoker .Those who had a family history of lung cancer constitute 8.3% ,of them 3.9% were frst degree and 4.4% were second degree ,there was a signifcant association between lung cancer patients and frst degree family history with lung cancer .Those who had a family history of other cancer was 23.6 % .The risk factors include radon exposure, asbestose, beryllium ,cadmium and diesel exposure were signifcant associated with lung cancer . The radon value in (77) patients of lung cancer were within exceptable limit.Conclusion : This study revealed that males, age group 60 and above, rural area and smoking is the main risk factors of lung cancer in Babylon city.There is highly signifcant association between smoking habits and lung cancer cases p-value<0.05. Key words: Risk factors , Lung cancer, Radon exposure, Smoking in lung cancer. Introduction Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in men and the second in women after breast cancer 1 .There are two main types of lung cancer small- cell lung carcinoma(SCLC) and non-small-cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC).The most common symptoms are coughing(including coughing up blood),weight loss, shortness of breath, and chest pains 2. The risk factors of lung cancer is a multifactorial ,that is many factors work together to cause lung cancer. Globally, risk factors of developing lung cancer include smoking ,exposure to radon gas, asbestos, radioactive ores such as uranium, inhaled chemicals or minerals like, beryllium,cadmium,chromium compounds,diesel exhaust, air pollution.Family history of lung cancer increases its risk. The debilitated patients with compromised immune system and elderly over the age of 65 years are more prone to the disease 3. In the USA in 2019 there were about 228,150 new cases of lung cancer 116,440 in men and 111,710 in women , and 142,670 deaths from lung cancer 76,650 in men and 66,020 in women 4 . Each year, more people die of lungcancer than of colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined 4 . The problem of tobacco smoking in Iraq associated with the social and cultural environment, which encourages smoking and infuence an individual’s attitude toward cigarette smoking 5 . Tobacco smoking is responsible for the majority of lung cancer cases, cigarette smoking is the cause of approximately 90% of lung cancer deaths 6 . Another study reported that lung cancer killed approximately1,590,000 persons in2012 7 .The primary