Brief Report
Co-creating a Peer Education program to improve skin health
in older people from diverse communities: An innovation in
health promotion
Rajna Ogrin
Royal District Nursing Service; and Austin Health, Department of
Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Kathleen Brasher
Council on the Ageing; and This Day & Age, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
Jessica Occleston
Royal District Nursing Service, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Jennifer Byrne
Dermal Science and Therapy, Victoria University, Melbourne,
Victoria, Australia
Objective: Chronic wounds, debilitating and costly to
manage, are more common in older people. Prevention is
possible through improving skin health. We developed,
implemented and evaluated an innovative health
promotion program to improve skin health of older
adults.
Methods: A one-hour, peer education program was
co-created and delivered to culturally diverse
community-dwelling older people. A mixed-methods
evaluation approach comprised objective measures of
skin health and barrier function at commencement
and six weeks posteducation, and focus groups
posteducation.
Results: Seventy-three participants participated in the
study (mean age 74.38 11.80 years). Hydration
significantly improved at follow-up for English speaking
participants (t(27) = 2.90, P = 0.007). The majority of
participants reported the education to be informative and
useful in supporting behaviour changes.
Conclusion: The peer education program improved skin
hydration in older English speaking individuals. Peer
education may effectively deliver health promotion
information in some groups.
Practice Impact: Peer education for skin health may
produce meaningful change in daily self-care
behaviours that have the potential to reduce the
development of chronic conditions. We suggest that
research pursuing peer education as an avenue to
promote prevention of chronic conditions is warranted.
Key words: community, education, health promotion,
skin, volunteers.
Introduction
The prevalence of non-healing ulcers increases as we age
[1]. Ulcers can be painful, negatively affect quality of life,
are costly to treat [2] and are the second most common
reason for home nursing care [3]. However, simple self-
help measures such as daily moisturising can maintain or
improve skin health, minimising skin damage and reducing
the significant health burden of ulcers in older people [4].
Peer education aims to effect change at the individual level
by attempting to modify a person’s knowledge, attitudes,
beliefs or behaviours through the use of peers [5]. Peers
share a common culture, language and knowledge about
problems their community experiences, and when peers
work with community members promoting health, they also
share a common health issue [6,7]. Based on the evidence
that peer education is an effective method of positive beha-
viour change for chronic conditions [8], clinicians and aca-
demics from a community home care organisation worked
alongside volunteer peer educators from COTA Victoria,
representatives from five culturally and linguistically diverse
(CALD) communities [9,10], and Victoria University Der-
mal Therapy Unit, to develop the ‘Peer Education for Skin
Health’ session. Applying the principles of co-creation [11],
the aim was to create a peer education session to improve
skin health literacy and to encourage self-care behaviours.
The development of ‘Peer Education for Skin Health’ fol-
lowed the six stages of translation standards [12] (Figure 1).
Key evidence-based messages, simplified into four key points,
were considered relevant and practical for older adults from
all language groups and delivered as a one-hour session with-
out technology. Simple handouts of key messages using
photographs, including graphic skin injuries, and displays of
relevant skin health products for participants to view or try
during the session, were developed.
Methods
Design
This study assessed the effectiveness of the ‘Peer Education
for Skin Health’ session on behaviour change in diverse
community-dwelling older adults. Outcomes were
Correspondence to: Dr Rajna Ogrin, Royal District Nursing Service.
Email: rogrin@rdns.com.au
Australasian Journal on Ageing, Vol No 2017 –
© 2017 AJA Inc.
DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12401
1