~ 1500 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2018; 7(5): 1500-1502 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 JPP 2018; 7(5): 1500-1502 Received: 11-07-2018 Accepted: 15-08-2018 Banoth Vinesh Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India LC Prasad Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Ravindra Prasad Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Kuduka Madhukar Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Correspondence Banoth Vinesh Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Association studies of yield and it ’ s attributing traits in indigenous and exotic Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm Banoth Vinesh, LC Prasad, Ravindra Prasad and Kuduka Madhukar Abstract The present study comprising of 101 barley genotypes was carried out at deportment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BHU during rabi of 2016-17. Correlation and path analysis was carried considering traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, flag leaf length, effective tillers per plants, SPAD value, stomatal conductivity, proline concentration, spike length with awn, spike length without awn, plant height, grain per ear, 1000 grain weight and grain yield per plant. Characters viz., grains per ear, plant height, 1000 grain weight, days to maturity, stomatal conductivity and spike length found highly significant and positive correlation with yield which indicated strong association of these traits with the yield. Path coefficient analysis suggested that spike length, plant height, grains per ear, 1000 grain weight had positive direct effects on yield per plant. Keywords: Barley, correlation, association, path analyses Introduction Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was one of the first agricultural domesticated together with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), pea (Pisum sativum), lentil (Lens culinaris), dating from about 10,000 years ago in the Fertile Crescent of the Middle East (Smith, 1998) [11] . It was presumably first used as human food but evolved primarily into a feed, malting and brewing grain due in part to the rise in prominence of wheat and rice. From eating, the importance of barley even extended to having religious significance in Europe and ritual significance in ancient Greece. It is fourth largest cereal crop after maize, wheat and rice in the world with a share of 7 per cent of the global cereal production. In recent times, about two-thirds of the barley crop has been used for feed, one-third for malting and about 2 per cent for food directly. It is a major source of food for large population of cool and semi-arid areas of the world, where wheat and other cereals are less adapted. Barley is an annual cereal grain crop that is consumed as a major feed for the animals. The rest is used as malt in whiskey or sugar as well as health food. Barley is used for manufacturing of liquors in western countries. The crop resembles white berries and is believed to be excellent for drought-like conditions. Other than playing its part as a major food crop, it is also used in beverages and beers. It is available in a variety of forms like whole barley, hulled barley, pearled barley as well as barley flakes. Barley contains about 75% carbohydrate, 9% protein and 2% fat. In energy terms, each gram provides about 3.3 calories. Barley grain is rich in zinc (up to 50 ppm), iron (up to 60 ppm) and soluble fibers, and has a higher content of Vitamins A and E than other major cereals. Overall India’s barley production was estimated to be 17.81 lakh MT spread over an area of 6.93 lakh ha for the year 2016-17 (Anonymous, 2017) [1] . Barley is an important winter cereal crop grown in the northern plains of India comprising the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand that makes about 80% of total acreage of India. It is grown as a rainfed crop in poor marginal soils due to its low input demand and lower cost of cultivation. It occupies 0.46% of the total cropped area, 0.62% of the food grains and 0.76% of the cereals in the country. Similarly it contributes 0.86% of the total production of cereals and 0.81% of the food grains in India. The most economically desirable use of barley is for the production of malt, the standards for which are quite stringent. Barley that does not meet malt quality standards often is utilized as feed for livestock, although some barley is produced solely as feed for animals, either as a grain or hay forage. Barley is also used in alternative settings such as for ethanol production for bio-fuels and for reducing algae in ponds and waterway. Even though being an important crop, barley has been neglected in our country due to priority on wheat, rice and other cash crops. As a result the harvested area,