Scholarly Journal of Agricultural Science Vol. 12(3), pp. 41- 49 December, 2022
Available online at http:// www.scholarly-journals.com/SJAS
ISSN 2276-7118 © 2022 Scholarly-Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Comparative Study of the Scapula of a Domestic Adult
Pig, Dog and Donkey
Abdullahi, A. U.
1
and Associate Prof Abdulrahman BELLO
*2
1
Department of Animal Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2
Department of Veterinary Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto
Received: 4 November, 2021, Accepted: 18 November, 2021, Published: 15 December, 2022
The aim of the study is to compare the morphometric scapular bones of adult domestic pig, dog and
donkey while the objectives of the study is to determine the biometric study the scapula bones of adult
domestic pig, dog and donkey and to identify the landmark that can be used in describing the scapular
bone of an adult domestic pig, dog and donkey. This research work will provide study material for any
other related project work and also help to add to limited literature work regarding the bones of
domestic pig, dog and donkey in the northern part of Nigeria.
Key words: Monogastric, Comparative, Morphometric, Dog, Donkey, Pig.
INTRODUCTION
A domestic pig (Sus domesticus), often called swine/hog
when distinguishing from the members of the genus Sus.
Pig is an Omnivorus Domesticated even-toed hoofed
mammal. It is variously considered a sub-species of
Eurasian boarora distinct species but the American
Society of mammal gist consider it the latter (Mammal
diversity org). The pigs head plus body length ranges
from 0.9 to 1.8 (3 to 6ft) and adult pigs typically weigh
between 50 and 350kg (110 and 770lb) with well-fed
individual even exceeding this range. But mostly the size
and weight of hogs largely depends on their breed
compared to other Artiodatyls. A pig head is relatively
long and pointed. Most even fed ungulated are
herbivores, but pigs are Omnivores like their wild relative
Pigs grunt and makes snorting sounds, and a group of
pig is called passel or a sounder.
Reproduction, female pigs reaches sexual maturity at
3-12 months of Age and come into Estrus every 18-24
days. If they are not successfully bred. The variation in
ovulation rate can be attributed to intrinsic factors such as
age and genotype as well as Extrinsic factors like
Nutrition, Environment and the supplementation of
Exogenous Hormones (hughes et al., 1980). Estrus lasts
*Corresponding author’s e-mail: abccrcfge28@gmail.com
two to three days and the female displayed receptiveness
to male is known as “standing heat”. The term “standing
heat” is are flexive response that is stimulated when the
female is incontact with the saliva of sexually mature
Boar (Extension Missouri Edu). The gestation period
average 112-120days (Feral Hog Reproductive Biology).
Maternal Recognition of pregnancy in pigs occur on day
11 to 12 of pregnancy and is marked by progesterone
production from a functioning Corpus Luteum
(BazerFuller et al., 2012). Animal Nutrition is important
prior to reproduction and during gestation to optimum
reproductive performance is achieved.
When considered as Livestock, Pig is mostly farmed for
its meat known as “PORK”, other food products made
from pig include; bacon, Gammon, hamand pork rounds.
The head of a pig can be used to make a preserved Jelly
called “Head of Cheese” which is sometimes known as
Brawn”, liver, Chetterling blood and other offal from pig
areal so widely used for food. In some Religions such as
Judaism and Islam, pork is a taboo food. Approximately
1.5 billion pigs are slaughtered each year for meat
(FAOSTAT.fao.org). The pig milk is not use for human
consumption unlike other Animal, the skin is eaten and
also used as seat covers, Apparel and other items
(Stephanie et al., 2014).
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) when
considered a subspecies of the wolf or Canis familiaris