Performance Review of Solar-Assisted Heat Pump Systems Using Solar Collectors, PV, and PVT Technologies Muhammad Zohri 1,2 , Prabowo 2* , Suwarno 2 , Ahmad Fudholi 3,4 , Tri Suyono 5 , Eka Rakhman Priandana 4 , Yusuf Suryo Utomo 4 1 Department of Physics Education, Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Mataram 83116, Indonesia 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS), Surabaya 60111, Indonesia 3 Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor 43600, Malaysia 4 Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 10340, Indonesia 5 Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Khairun, North Maluku 97711, Indonesia Corresponding Author Email: prabowo@me.its.ac.id https://doi.org/10.18280/ijht.410318 ABSTRACT Received: 9 February 2023 Accepted: 14 June 2023 Heat pumps (HP) can be used for a variety of residential, commercial, and industrial applications and offer a cost-effective replacement for conventional heat recovery systems. Hybrid systems that can be utilized for drying, heat storage, and water heating include solar-assisted heat pumps. Solar energy as a heat source for heat pump dryers improves performance and energy efficiency. This review aims to examine the concept of a solar collector, PV, and PVT technologies-assisted heat pump. The use of solar collectors to assist heat pump technology is a longstanding practice that remains in use today. Solar collectors that utilize direct solar heat sources and convert them into warm water or space heating are highly efficient. The concept of a PV and PVT-assisted heat pump is gaining popularity. The heat source utilized can be either single or multiple. Integrating a heat pump with a PVT as an evaporator result in higher heat performance. Using multiple heat sources is a more effective way to meet the cooling or heating requirements than relying on a single heat source. This review focuses on the mathematical modeling of a heat pump system integrated with PVT. Aspects of the mathematical model are critical for estimating the performance of heat pump systems in conjunction with solar collectors, PV, and PVT technologies. Readers who design and use heat pump technology must comprehend efficiency, COP, and configuration models. Keywords: solar collectors, photovoltaics, photovoltaic thermal, heat pumps, performance models, system configuration, coefficient of performance 1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia possesses significant potential for solar energy owing to its equatorial location. Sunlight is widely accessible across various regions of the nation. Solar energy can be harnessed and transformed into either electrical or thermal energy. Photovoltaic or solar panels provide a convenient means of converting solar energy into electrical energy. According to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the potential for electricity using solar panels in forest areas is around 3551 GWp, and the potential outside the forest areas is 1360 GWp. Furthermore, supposed the potential is multiplied by approximately 15% efficiency, the technical potential would be 533 GWp. The biggest potential for electrical energy from harvesting solar energy is in the Kalimantan Region, around 25%, followed by 32% in the Sumatra Region, and the rest are in other areas [1]. The potential of solar energy conversion into electrical energy through photovoltaic panels is highly promising in Indonesia. As per the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the government has set its sights on solar energy as the primary energy source, with a particular emphasis on converting electrical energy via solar panels. The yearly capacity of converting solar energy into electrical energy is estimated at approximately 1,377 kWh/kWp. If Indonesia were to achieve a solar panel electricity production capacity of 208 GWp, it would be sufficient to meet 111% of the country's electricity demand in 2018. The Institute for Essential Services Reform (IESR) estimates that the potential for solar energy to be converted into electricity is around 20 TWp, excluding agricultural and forest areas. By 2050, solar panels are predicted to become the dominant technology. In the coming 2050, the authority targets capacity to reach 45GWp. This estimate means 10.1% of the total renewable energy capacity will be fulfilled. Solar panels will be installed in up to 25% of residential, office, and government buildings. Likewise, manufacturing solar panels will be massively and vertically integrated [2]. In terms of cooling room temperature, people's demands continue to increase. Air conditioning is a common requirement for most residential and commercial buildings. The growing demand for air conditioning inevitably leads to increased energy consumption during its operation. In the upcoming years, there will be a persistent rise in the global energy demand for space cooling. The utilization of air conditioning systems is highly prevalent in office buildings, public residential areas, and healthcare facilities due to the high demand for such amenities. During the daytime, air conditioning units can effectively harness solar energy, particularly in regions with high and intense solar radiation International Journal of Heat and Technology Vol. 41, No. 3, June, 2023, pp. 657-665 Journal homepage: http://iieta.org/journals/ijht 657