371 Chapter 11 Selected Inscribed Sealings by Donald T. Ariel INTRODUCTION Te Kedesh archive produced 33 impressions from 17 seals that carried some vestiges of writing in either Greek or Phoenician. On the impressions from eight of these seals the written element was minimal and, in our opinion, subsidiary to the main depictions on the seals. In this chapter, I present the 17 impressions from eight seals on which the writing was a major element and/or can be argued to indicate an administrative function for its user. Te previously published inscribed sealings are reproduced now in the same format as the remainder of the seal- ings in the volume. All but the last item in the new catalogue, a ligature (INS 8), have been previously published (Ariel and Naveh 2003). 1 1 Joseph Naveh (1928–November 21, 2011), in memo- riam. In 2003, Naveh was responsible for the reading and analysis of the Phoenician inscriptions. In writ- ing each page of this chapter, Yosi’s absence has sorely been felt. Other assistance in the preparation of the 2003 report is also acknowledged here: the late Ada Yardeni, who prepared drawings of INS 1–2 and 4 and contributed to the readings; Philip C. Schmitz, who helped with two key readings; as well as Michael Smelansky (drawing of INS 3), Sara Halbreich (drawing of INS 7), Eric Gubel, Judith I remain generally confdent in my original readings and the analyses of their epigraphic, icono- graphic, and historical importance. However, a number of readings and conclusions have been cor- rected or refned here, due to some small errors in the 2003 report. Beyond those, much of the chap- ter is the result of my continuing research on the original selection of sealings, enhanced especially by the publication of a great deal of new inscribed Phoenician material relevant to the interpreta- tion of the administrative workings of the Tyrian bureaucracy published since 2003. Tese include 164 jar handles, with stamps inscribed in Phoeni- cian, from Jal el-Bahr near Tyre (Kawkabani 2003; 2005; Ariel 2019) and large corporae of inscribed weights (Finkielsztejn 2014; 2015). Tis material, especially when considered together with the frst four seals presented in this chapter, not only sheds light on our seals but opens new paths of inquiry into Tyrian administrative practices in the twilight of the Seleucid era. Tis chapter therefore both summarizes the 2003 discussion and updates it. Using the original Green, Traianos Gagos, L. Alexandre Wolfe, and Samuel R. Wolf. Finally, my thanks to Ian Stern for allowing me to examine the over 1,000 sealings found in an archive discovered and excavated by him at Tel Maresha (Marisa) in 2018.