International Surgery Journal | January 2018 | Vol 5 | Issue 1 Page 286 International Surgery Journal Patel G et al. Int Surg J. 2018 Jan;5(1):286-291 http://www.ijsurgery.com pISSN 2349-3305 | eISSN 2349-2902 Original Research Article Liver biopsy in gall stone disease: a prospective study in patients undergoing cholecystectomy Gaurav Patel 1 , Atul Jain 1 *, Malwinder Singh 1 , Meenu Garg 2 , Tanweer Karim 1 , Subhajeet Dey 1 INTRODUCTION Cholelithiasis has affected mankind since many centuries. Archaeological excavation demonstrating the presence of gallstone in mummies of young Egyptian women proves the age-old existence of this disease. 1 This disorder, which constitutes a major burden on the community (prevalence 6%) is more common in females as compared to males (3:1) and in approximate 15% cases first degree relatives are affected. 2,3 The first successful cholecystectomy was performed in 1882 by Langenbuch in Germany. In the present time cholecystectomy remains the standard treatment of cholelithiasis despite the advent of gallstone dissolving drugs and extracorporeal lithotripsy. 4 In patients of gallstone disease, cholangitis can develop which on long run can cause secondary changes in liver like fatty liver, fibrosis, secondary biliary cirrhosis, reactive hepatitis, nonspecific inflammatory changes etc. ABSTRACT Background: Cholelithiasis has affected mankind since many centuries. It not only affects the biliary tree but also has adverse effects on the hepatic parenchyma, which can get further complicated due to infected bile. Early intervention in these cases not only retards the unwanted effects but also prevents irreversible damage to liver. Aim of study was to see the effect of gallstone disease on liver in patients of GSD (Cholelithiasis, Chronic cholecystitis, CBD Stones). Methods: All patients being subjected for planned cholecystectomy were taken as subjects irrespective of age, sex and co-morbid conditions. Results: 90 patients were included in study and they were evaluated for secondary histopathological changes in liver. Abnormal liver histology was seen in 40% of the cases, with portal tract inflammation being the commonest abnormality seen in 24.4% of patients followed by fatty change (17.8%), cholestasis (10%), lobular parenchymal infiltration (8.9%) and one (1.1%) patient had fibrosis. Choledocholithiasis was associated with a greater incidence of positive bile culture (60%) and greater incidence of abnormal liver histology (80%). Conclusions: Gall stone disease cause significant changes in liver histology and these changes are more common in those patients having long duration of symptoms. In patients of choledocholithiasis incidence of infected bile and liver histology changes are more as compared to cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis. Keywords: Cholelithiasis, Choledocholithiasis, Gall stone disease, Liver histology, Liver biopsy 1 Department of Surgery, ESI PGIMSR and Hospital, Basaidarapur, New Delhi, India 2 Department of Microbiology, LNJP Hospital, New Delhi, India Received: 13 November 2017 Accepted: 11 December 2017 *Correspondence: Dr. Atul Jain, E-mail: docatuljain@gmail.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20175912