072 Citation: Perrotta G (2023) “Perrotta Human Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire (PDM-Q-v2)”: Development, regulation and validation of a psychometric instrument for the identification of the functioning of individual Ego defense mechanisms. Arch Depress Anxiety 9(2): 072-078. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-5460.000084 2455-5460 ISSN: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/ada DOI: MEDICAL GROUP Abstract Introduction: To date, theorizations on the workings of psychological ego defense mechanisms are affected by the psychodynamic influence and theoretical scaffolding of the last century. There is a need to update theories and models to make them more consistent and modern with recent innovations in psychotherapy. Materials and methods: A model related to the functioning of defense mechanisms was generated and the Perrotta Human Defence Mechanisms Questionnaire (PDM-Q-v2) was created to be administered to a selected population to compare it with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales-Self-Report-30 (DMRSSR- 30) and finally validate it. Results: Statistical analysis showed that the psychometric test has a well-defined and stable construct (r = 0.999; p ≤ 0.001), with the variables well represented (r = 0.818; p ≤ 0.001) and positively correlated with another construct already validated (r = 0.766; p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: The Perrotta Human Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire (PDM-Q-v2) is a valid, efficient, and effective psychometric tool to identify the functioning or dysfunction of psychological ego defense mechanisms. Research Article “Perrotta Human Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire (PDM-Q-v2)”: Development, regulation and validation of a psychometric instrument for the identification of the functioning of individual Ego defense mechanisms Giulio Perrotta* Institute for the Study of Psychotherapies-ISP, Via San Martino Della Battaglia n. 31, 00185 Rome, Italy Received: 06 October, 2023 Accepted: 13 October, 2023 Published: 14 October, 2023 *Corresponding authors: Giulio Perrotta, Institute for the Study of Psychotherapies-ISP, Via San Martino Della Battaglia n. 31, 00185 Rome, Italy, Tel: +393492108872; E-mail: info@giulioperrotta.com ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-5562 Keywords: Perrotta human defense mechanisms questionnaire; Human defense mechanisms; Ego; Psychoanalysis; Subconscious; PDM-Q; PDM-Q-v2 Copyright License: © 2023 Perrotta G. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. https://www.peertechzpublications.org Abbreviations DMRS: Perry's Defense Mechanisms Rating Scale; DMI: Defense Mechanism Inventory; DSQ: Bond's Defense Style Questionnaire; CDS: Haan's Coping and Defending Scale; LSI: Plutchik's Life Style Index; COPE: Carver’s Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced; DMP: Johnson-Gold's Defense Mechanism Profile; DMRSSR-30: Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales-Self-Report-30; PICI: Perrotta Integrative Clinical Interviews; PHEM: Perrotta Human Emotions Model; PDM-M, v. 2: Perrotta Human Defence Mechanisms Model v2; PDM- Q-v2: Perrotta Human Defence Mechanisms Questionnaire v2 Background The "human defense mechanisms", in the psychological field, are psychic processes, followed by a behavioral reaction, implemented by the ego to deal with difficult situations, manage conflicts and preserve its functioning from the interference of disturbing, painful, and unacceptable thoughts, feelings and experiences. These are mechanisms that: a) are activated as a