International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences 11(4): 762-770, 2023 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/saj.2023.110409 Evaluating the Results of the Implementation of an Exercise Program on the Physical Condition for Learners of a Multicultural Second Chance School Sotirios Vousiopoulos * , Olga Kouli, Helen Douda, Vasiliki Derri School/Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece Received March 14, 2023; Revised May 9, 2023; Accepted June 11, 2023 Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles (a): [1] Sotirios Vousiopoulos, Olga Kouli, Helen Douda, Vasiliki Derri , "Evaluating the Results of the Implementation of an Exercise Program on the Physical Condition for Learners of a Multicultural Second Chance School," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 762 - 770, 2023. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2023.110409. (b): Sotirios Vousiopoulos, Olga Kouli, Helen Douda, Vasiliki Derri (2023). Evaluating the Results of the Implementation of an Exercise Program on the Physical Condition for Learners of a Multicultural Second Chance School. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(4), 762 - 770. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2023.110409. Copyright©2023 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of an organized exercise program based on selected fitness indicators on adult learners in a multicultural environment of a Second Chance School (SCS). 62 learners from the SCS of Komotini (19-57 years) participated in the study, where they were equally divided into two groups (experimental, control). The intervention program was implemented for 5 months (2 times/week) with an intensity of 65%-85% of the HRmax. Each exercise session lasted 60 minutes and included aerobic exercise and muscular strengthening. Measurements were performed at the beginning and end of the intervention, and "ALPHA-FIT Test Battery for Adults Aged 18-69" tests were used, as well as the "Sit-Ups in 30 sec" and "Sit and Reach" tests. For statistical processing of the data, descriptive statistics, analyses of variance ANOVA and T-Tests were used using the SPSS program. The analysis of the data showed that a statistically significant major influence of the measurement factor (p<.001) in all tests between the two groups (experimental, control) was observed in fitness indicators. Gender differences were found, with men performing better in dynamic tests than women, and women performing better in flexibility than men. In conclusion, the intervention program has significantly improved the Physical Condition of learners in the multicultural SCS of Komotini. Finally, further research is proposed with interventions of exercise programs in more than one SCS to examine the degree of participation and any positive changes that will occur in the fitness in a larger sample. Keywords Physical Fitness, Adult Learners, Second Chance Schools, Exercise Program, Physical Condition 1. Introduction The term "fitness" refers to the ability to move the body and is related to the level of abilities and skills associated with the characteristics that humans have and their ability to perform physical activity effectively [1,2]. In recent decades, there has been a rapid increase in the rate of various chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertension etc., which tend to reach epidemic proportions. Chronic diseases are major causes of morbidity and premature mortality worldwide, both in developed and developing countries [3,4]. Modern lifestyle, gradual abandonment of the Mediterranean diet model, but, mainly, the lack of physical activity and exercise, are some of the factors most likely linked to the increased occurrence of chronic diseases [3- 6]. It is now commonly accepted that exercise is inextricably linked to the physical and mental health of a person and it is the most appropriate means of preventing and restoring chronic diseases [7].