Jurnal Peternakan Indonesia, Juni 2011 Vol. 13 (2) ISSN 1907-1760 Characteristic of the Three Pig Keeping Systems (D.A. Iyai dan S.Y. Randa) 83 Characteristic of the Three Pig Keeping Systems on Performance of Small-Scale Pig Farmers at Manokwari, West Papua Karakteristik dari Tiga Sistem Peternakan Babi pada Peternak Skala Rumah Tangga di Manokwari, Papua Barat D.A. Iyai and S.Y. Randa Department of Animal Production Faculty of Animal Sciences Fisheries and Marine Sciences The State University of Papua. Jl. Gunung Salju, Amban Manokwari - Papua Barat. Indonesia. 98314 e-mail: da.iyai@yahoo.com (Diterima: 26 April 2011; Disetujui: 30 Mei 2011 ) ABSTRACT Pig keeping systems consisted of extensive, semi-intensive and intensive systems were studied to seek its performances on pigs and small-scale pig farmers. From six districts and 15 villages, 50 respondents were chosen. Characteristic of farmers and pig keeping systems were studied. Animal number used were 355 tails for measuring pig variables consisted of body weight, reproduction and herd size. Labor and experience were varied among the three pig keeping systems (P<0.05). Animal herd, farrowing rate, suckling piglet number and its body weight, weaned body weight and adult body weight were differ significantly (P<0.05) particularly on semi-penned pig keeping. Pig production efficiency and pig production productivity used as qualitative characteristic were not drawing animal efficiency and producivity. Keywords: pig keeping system, performance, pig production efficiency, pig production productivity INTRODUCTION Performances of animal production per se and in its herds have correlation along with animal production systems (Devendra, 2006), animal genetic (Kanis et al., 2008) and strategic location where animal production are established. Animal pro- duction systems, particularly pig production, vary initially commenced from traditional to modern systems. Animal genetic has evidently played roles in creating adaptive physiological reproduction and production based on local circumstances and established pig keeping systems will be shown from its typical location, for instances location in adjacent of crop production and or kitchen are abundant. Four pig keeping systems in Manokwari identified (Iyai, 2008). These pig keeping systems (PKSS) are specialized prominently based on biophysical resources existing in an area such as quality and quantity of water, suitable climate and feeding availability. The latter is more severe in determining pig farming systems, besides, taking into account, management production decision. Feeding is accounted for 70 - 80% of the total purchased production (Eusebio, 1980; Udo, 1988). Feeding pigs in urban versus rural areas are contrasting dependent on prior mentioned resources. The PKSs in urban areas depend on kitchen and disposal or swill-feed (Anil et al., 2006), the so called non-conventional feeds (NCFs) (Udo, 1997) and commercial feed. Moreover, the PKSs in rural areas inevitably consider abundantly local resources such as crops and residuals. In free-ranging pig keeping, breeds used are mostly local and crossbreds beside wild (Sus scrofa) and crossed pigs. Local, wild crossed and crossed breeds raised in penned and semi-penned in Manokwari revealed also by Randa (1994) and Iyai