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A. Che Rohani, O. Normah, T. Zahrah, C.M. Che Utama and I. Saadiah J. Trop. Agric. and Fd. Sc. 37(2)(2009): 153–161
Quality of fsh fllet from pond-raised red tilapia and its utilisation
in the development of value-added product
(Kualiti flet tilapia kolam tanah dan penggunaannya untuk pembangunan
produk tambah nilai)
A. Che Rohani*, O. Normah**, T. Zahrah***, C.M. Che Utama**** and I. Saadiah****
Keywords: tilapia fllet, tilapia quality, muddy favour, value-added product
Abstract
The eating quality, fllet yield, protein and fat contents of pond-raised red tilapia
were evaluated. The effects of water depuration process on the removal of muddy
taste and the development of a value-added product were also studied. The skin-
on fllet yield ranged 32–33% while the protein and fat contents of the fllets
ranged 16–17% and 1– 4% respectively. The fllet yield and protein content were
not signifcantly (p >0.05) affected by the types of feed. However, the fat content
of tilapia fed with the commercial feed and traditional feed were signifcantly
higher (p <0.05) than those fed on formulated feeds with and without vitamin
E. No depuration was required for fsh fed with formulated feeds. Fish fed on
commercial and traditional feed need at least 8 h of water depuration process
to leach out the muddy taste and increase their acceptability. Geosmin was not
detected in all samples. Tilapia fllet battered with tempura battermix comprising
62% wheat four, 30% corn starch and 8% rice four was the most acceptable.
*Food Technology Research Centre, MARDI Station, Kuala Terengganu, P.O. Box 3, 20700 Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu, Malaysia
**Food Technology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, P.O. Box 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
***Technical Services Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, P.O. Box 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
****National Prawn Fry Production and Research Centre, Department of Fisheries, Kg. Pulau Sayak,
08500 Kota Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia
Authors’ full names: Che Rohani Awang, Normah Omar, Zahrah Hj Talib, Che Utama Che Musa and Saadiah Ibrahim
E-mail: cra@mardi.gov.my
©Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute 2009
Introduction
The term ‘off-favour’ in freshwater fsh
is used to describe the objectionable
favour due to the accumulation of odorous
compounds within the fsh tissue produced
from biological origins (Smith et al. 2008).
It is estimated that over 30% of the potential
revenue from catfsh industry in the United
States of America is lost from off-favour
contamination (Eagle et al. 1995).
The problem of off-favours in
the catfsh industry in the United States
of America has been studied by many
researchers (Johnsen and Lyold 1992; Lorio
et al. 1992; Johnsen and Dionigi 1994;
Johnsen and Bett 1996; Johnsen et al.
1996). The compounds responsible for this
problem were reported to be geosmin and
2-methylisoborneol (MIB) produced by
bacteria, actinomycetes and blue-green algae
such as Oscillatoria (Johnsen and Bett 1996;
Johnsen et al. 1996).
An ‘earthy/musty’ off-favour was
attributed to MIB while an ‘earthy/rotten
wood’ off-favour was attributed to geosmin.
Fish can rapidly absorb these compounds