Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2023 Jan 26; 11(E):243-248. 243
Scientifc Foundation SPIROSKI, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2023 Jan 26; 11(E):243-248.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11269
eISSN: 1857-9655
Category: E - Public Health
Section: Public Health Disease Control
Knowledge about COVID-19 and its Precautionary Measures
among Healthcare Workers at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo
University
Nora Atef , Mohamed Bendary* , Amira Khater
Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The core of the healthcare system is healthcare workers (HCWs). A skilled and healthy workforce
is essential during a health emergency like the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic.
AIM: This study evaluated knowledge of COVID-19, its preventive measures, and factors afecting it among HCWs
at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University to determine their desire to obtain the available COVID-19
vaccines in addition to the factors that may afect it.
METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 151 HCWs in Egypt using a self-administered
questionnaire created by the researchers after examining the information supplied by the Egyptian Ministry of Health
and Population, World Health Organization, and the relevant research regarding knowledge assessment. Initially,
demographic data were collected. Participants were asked their source of knowledge about COVID-19 and their
intent to receive the available vaccines. Knowledge about COVID-19 and preventive measures was compared
between diferent HCWs in NCI. In addition, knowledge score was compared according to diferent factors to
determine factors afecting knowledge.
RESULTS: Physicians represented about 40% of the total number of participants. HCWs’ knowledge of COVID-19
was higher among physicians, with a higher percentage of correct answers than the other two groups (nurses and
pharmacists and employees and technicians). Younger age groups had a signifcantly higher median knowledge
score than the older groups. Physicians had signifcantly higher median scores than employee and technician groups.
CONCLUSION: The overall knowledge about COVID-19 and its preventive measures among HCWs was generally
good, especially among physicians more than allied health professionals. However, some of the virus-related
knowledge was less advanced than expected for the HCWs position.
Edited by: Sasho Stoleski
Citation: Atef N, Bendary M, Khater A.
Knowledge about COVID-19 and its Precautionary
Measures among Healthcare Workers at the
National Cancer Institute, Cairo University.
Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2023 Jan 26; 11(E):243-248.
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11269
Keywords: COVID-19; Healthcare workers; Knowledge;
Precautionary measures
*Correspondence: Mohamed Bendary, National Cancer
Institute, Cairo University, Benha, Qualubia, Egypt.
E-mail: bendary3@gmail.com
Received: 15-Nov-2022
Revised: 14-Jan-2023
Accepted: 16-Jan-2023
Copyright: © 2023 Nora Atef, Mohamed Bendary,
Amira Khater
Funding: This research did not receive any fnancial
support
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no
competing interests exist
Open Access: This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)
Introduction
It is known that infections with coronaviruses
can lead to symptoms between the common cold and
severe acute respiratory syndrome [1]. The cause
of numerous episodes of pneumonia in Wuhan,
China, at the end of 2019 was determined to be a
novel coronavirus [2]. The coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) outbreak was classifed by the World
Health Organization (WHO) as an international public
health emergency in January 2020 and as a pandemic
in March 2020, prompting all nations to take steps to
stop further viral spread [3].
The COVID-19 virus can be spread from one
person to another through close contact (within about 6
feet), respiratory secretions from coughs and sneezes,
or by touching infected objects or surfaces. The elderly
and those with underlying chronic conditions were at a
higher risk of increased severity [4]. The best defense
against the virus is to limit exposure to it [5]. Preventive
measures recommended are washing hands frequently,
social distancing, and covering 1 mouth and nose when
coughing or sneezing [5]. Healthcare workers (HCWs)
are at the forefront of the COVID-19 pandemic defense.
They are vulnerable to physical violence, psychological
distress, long working hours, fatigue, and COVID-19
infection due to their regular contact with infected
individuals [6], [7].
The contaminated environment, lack of
isolation facilities, crowding, and perhaps the lack of
understanding and knowledge of infection prevention
techniques all serve to increase disease transmission
among HCWs [8]. HCWs lacking knowledge of the
illness may fail to recognize or treat it correctly,
which could hasten the infection’s spread. A web-
based, cross-sectional study of HCWs found that a
sizable portion of HCWs (61.0%) had an inadequate
understanding of COVID-19 transmission and symptom
onset (63.6%) [9].
In addition to the main preventive measures for
COVID-19, vaccines can stop people from becoming
fatally ill or dying from this virus. The WHO has assessed
some COVID-19 vaccines and declared that they
satisfed the essential standards for efectiveness and
safety (For instance, Johnson and Johnson, Moderna,
Since 2002