Naik, et al: A retrospective study to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in patients ORIGINAL ARTICLE A Retrospective Study to Evaluate the Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Patients of Heart Disease in Pregnancy at a Tertiary Rural Hospital Amit S Naik 1 , Saudamini A Naik 1 , Snehal Shinde 2 , Mugdha C Vaje 3 ABSTRACT Background: Heart disease(HD) in pregnancy remains an important cause of maternal, fetal morbidity and mortality especially in a developing country like India, where incidence of cardiac disease that complicates pregnancy is between 1% to 4% & Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) still remains the most common type of heart disease complicating pregnancy due to Poor socioeconomic condition. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at S.M.B.T. Institute of medical sciences, Dhamangaon during the period of 24 months to assess the maternal and fetal outcome on patients of heart disease with pregnancy. Result: Among the 3182 patients delivered in the study 35 had cardiac disease with prevalence of 1.1%, all patients were booked and diagnosed with heart disease during ANC checkup. Rheumatic Heart disease (70%) was the commonest form of heart disease with MS with MR predominating (22%). NYHA grade 2 patients (41%) were maximum with Anemia as the associated complicating factor.4 patients with severe MS required balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) of them 1 patient went into pulmonary edema. There was no maternal mortality. 2 patients underwent medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) for cardiac reason and there was 1 neonatal mortality. Conclusion: RHD is still the commonest heart disease in pregnancy; BMV can be performed in third trimester on patients with severe MS reducing intra and postpartum complications. Giving good and timely antenatal, Intranatal and postnatal care at a tertiary care hospital with good cardiac, obstetric & Neonatal care setup reduces maternal and fetal morbidity in patients of heart disease with pregnancy. KEY WORDS: Rheumatic heart disease in pregnancy, Congenital heart disease in pregnancy, Balloon Mitral Valvotomy in pregnancy. Introduction The process of human pregnancy & child birth is affected by maternal physiological changes which occur during pregnancy. The normal hemodynamic changes occurring during Antenatal period and labour cause a significant burden on the mater- nal cardiovascular system and these changes are Access this article online Quick Response Code: Website: www.jmsh.ac.in Doi: 10.46347/jmsh.v8i2.21.192 1 Associate Professor, Department of OBGY, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra, 2 Assistant Professor, Department of OBGY, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra, 3 Resident, Department of OBGY, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra Address for correspondence: Amit S Naik, Associate Professor, Department of OBGY, SMBT Institute of Medical Sciences, Nashik, Maharashtra. E-mail: drnaikamit@gmail.com exacerbated if patient has any previous cardiac dis- ease/surgery eventually leading to decompensation and death of mother and fetus. Heart disease (HD) is a leading cause of maternal deaths in the United States and other developed countries [1] and 0.2-0.4% of all pregnancies in western countries are complicated by cardiovascular disease [2] of these congenital heart disease(CHD) is the most frequent cardiovascular disease during pregnancy (75- 82%), with a predominance of shunts (20-65%). [3] However In developing countries like India, incidence of cardiac disease that complicates pregnancy is between 1% to 4% [4] & Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) still remains the most common type of heart disease complicating pregnancy in developing world due to Poor socioeconomic condition Journal of Medical Sciences and Health/May-August 2022/Volume 8/Issue 2 113