https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X20906886
Waste Management & Research
1–11
© The Author(s) 2020
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DOI: 10.1177/0734242X20906886
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Introduction
Construction is one of the most influential economic segments of
industry worldwide. It is also one of the largest generators of
solid waste. Construction waste management (CWM) has
become a global concern, and many developed countries have
created measures in search of sustainable management. The
European Union has determined that member states must take
measures toward a 70% reduction in total construction waste
(CW) generation by 2020 (European Union, 2016). In Canada,
CWM has emerged in the form of voluntary industry initiatives
to reduce the amount of waste generated. The Construction
Resources Initiative Council works to motivate policy-makers,
managers and building designers to embrace sustainable prac-
tices. This Canadian council has as a goal that, by 2030, CW
cannot be sent to landfills (Canadian Council of Ministers of the
Environment, 2014).
In developing countries, promoting sustainable CWM is
much more challenging. The rapid growth of these countries
has led to increased construction and, in turn, waste generation.
In Brazil, for example, a total of 45 million metric tonnes of
CW were collected in 2014, representing a 4.1% increase in the
total CW collected in 2013 (Abrelpe, 2016). In addition to con-
siderable waste generation, a general lack of compliance with
national legal guidelines has shown Brazilian CWM to be inef-
ficient. Particularly poorly-structured, CWM in Brazil reacts in
a corrective manner without planning or monitoring the alloca-
tion of resources (Abrelpe, 2016; Lima, 2012; Schamne and
Nagalli, 2016).
The National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) regulates solid
waste management in Brazil (Gonçalves et al., 2018). According
to the PNRS, CW is generated in construction projects, refurbish-
ment, repairs, and demolitions, as well as those resulting from the
preparation and excavation of land. According to Brazilian law
construction materials can be recycled and transformed into
An assessment tool for municipal
construction waste management
in Brazilian municipalities
Flávia Tuane Ferreira Moraes , Andriani Tavares Tenório Gonçalves,
Josiane Palma Lima and Renato da Silva Lima
Abstract
Construction waste is generated during construction and remodelling undertakings. Construction waste management (CWM) is a
challenge in developing countries such as Brazil. Thus, it is necessary to create tools by which CWM may be evaluated. This article
presents the elaboration of a tool to assess CWM in Brazilian cities; moreover, this method facilitates such analyses in regions which
lack substantial quantitative data. In doing so, the tool, known as the Assessment Index for Construction Waste Management (ICWM),
combines quantitative and qualitative information and is composed of 49 indicators and 19 criteria divided into the following groups:
operational; environmental; politico-economic, educational; and social. The analytic hierarchy process was used to assign the weights
attributed to the groups and criteria to build the index. The indicators were measured according to a standardized rating scale proposed
for each one. These elements were aggregated in a mathematical formula that enables the calculation of the ICWM. The aggregation
method used was a weighted linear combination, and the index is rated on a 0 to 1 scale. The ICWM was tested in four municipalities.
In all cases, the management was considered inefficient. The proposed tool proved to be effective in evaluating the CWM. In cities
where the ICWM was tested, it was possible to identify the significant deficiencies of the CWM and recommend improvement actions
to develop more efficient and sustainable management.
Keywords
Construction waste, waste management, construction waste management, analytic hierarchy process, waste management indicators,
municipal waste management
Received 26th September 2019, accepted 25th January 2020 by Editor in Chief Arne Ragossnig.
Federal University of Itajubá, Brazil
Corresponding author:
Flávia Tuane Ferreira Moraes, Federal University of Itajubá – UNIFEI,
Avenida BPS, 1303, Pinheirinho, Itajubá, Minas Gerais 37500-903,
Brazil.
Email: flaviatuane@yahoo.com.br
906886WMR 0 0 10.1177/0734242X20906886Waste Management & ResearchMoraes et al.
research-article 2020
Original Article