Environment and Ecology Research 11(4): 564-578, 2023 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/eer.2023.110405
Pre and Post Cement Production Era of Climatic
Variables at Mfamosing Community, Akamkpa Local
Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria
Eni Devalsam Imoke
1
, Michael Osy Onithebor
1
, Uquetan Ibor Uquetan
1
,
Josiah Nwabueze Obiefuna
2,*
, Asor Love Joseph
3
, Egbonyi Darlington Egbe
1
1
Department of Environmental Resource Management, University of Calabar, Nigeria
2
Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria
3
Department of Continuing Education and Development Studies, University of Calabar, Nigeria
Received March 22, 2023; Revised July 3, 2023; Accepted July 19, 2023
Cite This Paper in the Following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Eni Devalsam Imoke, Michael Osy Onithebor, Uquetan Ibor Uquetan, Josiah Nwabueze Obiefuna, Asor Love
Joseph, Egbonyi Darlington Egbe , "Pre and Post Cement Production Era of Climatic Variables at Mfamosing
Community, Akamkpa Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria," Environment and Ecology Research, Vol. 11,
No. 4, pp. 564- 578, 2023. DOI: 10.13189/eer.2023.110405.
(b): Eni Devalsam Imoke, Michael Osy Onithebor, Uquetan Ibor Uquetan, Josiah Nwabueze Obiefuna, Asor Love Joseph,
Egbonyi Darlington Egbe (2023). Pre and Post Cement Production Era of Climatic Variables at Mfamosing Community,
Akamkpa Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria. Environment and Ecology Research, 11(4), 564 - 578.
DOI: 10.13189/eer.2023.110405.
Copyright©2023 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract The analysis of climatic variables is a
fundamental task in the detection of climatic changes all
over the world and its resultant effect on global warming.
The study was undertaken at Mfamosing to evaluate the pre
and post-cement production activities' impact on the
environment. Data on climatic variables were obtained
from Nigeria meteorological stations (NIMET) at Margaret
Ekpo International Airport from 1966 - 2020. Insitu data on
temperature, rainfall and relative humidity were collected
for the study. Questionnaires were further distributed to the
inhabitants of the area to actually identify the major
problems associated with cement production in the study
area. Direct observations were also done to determine
changes in the immediate environment. The research
findings revealed that the pre-production era 2002, showed
a mean rainfall amount of 2719.98mm and 2832mm for the
1
st
and 2
nd
decade, which was lower than the post-
production era that is the 3
rd
, 4
th
and 5
th
decades with a
rainfall amount of 2963.62mm, 2944.92mm and
3300.21mm respectively. Also, the pre-production era
mean temperature during the 1
st
and 2
nd
decades from 1966
- 1985 were 26.7℃ and 26.84℃ respectively and were
lower than the mean temperature during the post-
production era by the 3
rd
, 4
th
and 5
th
decades with
temperature values of 26.98℃, 26.80℃, 27.23℃
respectively. Furthermore, the mean relative humidity for
the 1
st
and 2
nd
decades were 85.55 percent and 85.77
percent which were also lower than that of the post-
production era with values of 84.5 percent, 84.63 percent
and 85.6 percent respectively. The researchers concluded
that there is a difference in microclimatic conditions
between the pre-cement and post-cement production area.
We further recommended that the industry producing
cement in the area should attach a chimney to its evacuation
chamber to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases into
the atmosphere.
Keywords Cement Production, Climatic Variables,
Temperature, Relativity Humidity, Rainfall
1. Introduction
The advent of industrial revolution in the seventeenth
century presented itself with an unprecedented increase in
the volume of pollutants in the atmosphere. Since then,
their impacts have not only been felt in many urban centres
*
Corresponding Author: JoeObiefuna@Gmail.com, JoeObiefuna@Unical.edu.ng