Health Informatics and Biomedical Engineering Applications, Vol. 78, 2023, 49–56
https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003454
PBC-ML: Predicting Breast Cancer in
Humans Using Machine Learning
Approach
Oni Damilola Igbagbo, Satyam Mishra, Vu Minh Phuc,
Le Trung Thanh,and Nguyen Ngoc Linh
International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU-IS), Vietnam
ABSTRACT
Cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably, potentially causing harm to
surrounding healthy tissue and organs. Breast cancer is a specific type of cancer that
affects the breast and is the second most common cancer among women worldwide.
Symptoms of breast cancer include a lump or tumour, swelling, nipple discharge, and
swollen lymph nodes. Breast cancer is staged, with stage 0 being the earliest stage
with minimal symptoms and stage 4 indicating the cancer has spread to other parts
of the body. The future burden of breast cancer is predicted to increase, with over 3
million new cases and 1 million deaths in 2040. Early detection is crucial for successful
treatment and recovery, and machine learning can be used to predict the likelihood of
breast cancer based on symptoms. So we propose in our research to use machine
learning algorithms such as CART, SVM, NB, and KNN to analyse and build models for
breast cancer detection. These findings offer a summary of relevant machine learning
methods for breast cancer detection as it will help to curb it and we got an accuracy
of 98.2% compared to the state of art methods which has accuracy of 99%. It proves to
be a valuable tool in the early detection of breast cancer and can improve the accuracy
of existing diagnostic methods.
Keywords: Cancer, Breast cancer, Cart, Svm, Knn, Machine learning
INTRODUCTION
Cancer is a disorder in which the body’s cells grow unrestrained, it’s a dis-
ease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to
other parts of the body. (Cancer - Symptoms and Causes, n.d.) Cancer can
start almost anywhere in the human body, which is made up of trillions of
cells. Normally, human cells grow and multiply (through a process called cell
division) to form new cells as the body needs them. When cells grow old
or become damaged, they die, and new cells take their place. Although this
orderly process breaks down, and abnormal cells grow and multiply when
they shouldn’t. These cells may form tumours, which are lumps of tissue.
Tumours can be cancerous or benign. Cancerous tumours invade nearby tis-
sues and usually move to other part of the body to form new tumours in
a process called metastasis. Cancerous tumours can also be called malignant
tumours. There are some works being done for image processing as well using
Canny Edge Detection Algorithm (Mishra & Thanh, 2022).
© 2023. Published by AHFE Open Access. All rights reserved. 49