ISSN (Print) : 2320 – 3765 ISSN (Online): 2278 – 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering (An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization) Vol. 2, Issue 8, August 2013 Copyright to IJAREEIE www.ijareeie.com 3566 ANALYSIS OF MODEL SIMULATIONS OF SPACED ANTENNA USING FULL CORRELATION ANALYSIS Dr. Nimmagadda Padmaja 1 , H.D.Praveena 2 Professor, Dept. of ECE, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College, Tirupati, India 1 Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE, Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,Tirupati, India 2 ABSTRACT: Radar techniques have been used as powerful research tools to study clear air turbulence, cloud physics, and dynamics of consecutive storms and large-scale storms. Several ground-based techniques are used to observe and study turbulent echoes in the MST (Mesosphere Stratosphere Troposphere) region. This paper discusses Spaced Antenna (SA) technique using Full Correlation Analysis (FCA) to estimate wind velocity of simulated moving targets which is one of the important parameter used in various applications. Airglow intensities are recorded for three spaced regions in the sky, and observations of the moving pattern in the middle atmosphere is derived and recorded. The spaced antenna method is applied to model-generated, simulated data in order to extract the typical Full correlation analysis output parameters such as the apparent and true velocity. The quantity of principal interest is the estimate of „V‟, the “random velocity parameter”. Correlation Analysis is a logical, simple yet effective way to estimate the wind velocity. These ideas are implemented using a mathematical model which can be simulated in any high level language. C language has been used to simulate the radar backscatter and „Origin‟ software for further analysis and calculation of useful quantities. The present model incorporates turbulent motions of the pattern under the presence of noise with varying turbulence strength & varying levels of noise. Keywords: Radar, Spaced Antenna, Wind Velocity, Full Correlation Analysis. I. RADAR Radar detects the presence of objects and locates their position in space by transmitting electromagnetic energy and observing the returned echo. The echo not only indicates that the target is present, but the time elapses between transmission of the pulse and the receipt of the echo signal is a measure of the distance to the target [8]. II. SPACED ANTENNA ANALYSIS A single beam is transmitted vertically, and the back scattered signals are received on three or more separating antennas. The spaced antenna analysis then proceeds by calculating the cross correlation functions for each pair of receiving antennas. The delays at which the correlation functions peak are used to determine the drift velocity of the turbulent structure across the array of receiving antennas [1]. The antenna arrangement and co-ordinate system used for the simulation are shown in Figure1. Other parameters held at fixed values for simulation are given in Table 1. The autocorrelation and cross correlation functions used in the subsequent analysis are obtained by ensemble averaging the results for many samples. The standard statistical formula for the correlation co-efficient between the values of f(x ,y) and of f (x+, y+), i.e. descriptively, between the pattern and the same pattern shifted by a distance  in x- direction and  in y-direction is given by equation(1). If regarded as a function of  and  it is called the two- dimensional spatial correlation function of the pattern.  f ( x. y ) . f ( x+, y+)   (  ,  ) = ---------------------------------- (1)   f ( x, y )  2 