Universal Journal of Educational Research 7(6): 1356-1362, 2019 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2019.070603
Influence of Parent-teacher Communication on
Academic Performance of Pupils in Public Primary
Schools in Ainabkoi Sub-county, Kenya
Petrolina Kaptich
1
, Henry Kiptiony Kiplangat
2,*
, Jennifer Munyua
1
1
Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Kenya
2
Kabarak University, Kenya
Copyright©2019 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract This paper is an outcome of a study that was
conducted to find out the extent to which communication
between parents and teachers influence pupils’ academic
performance in public primary schools in Ainabkoi Sub
County, Kenya. Communication as portrayed in this paper
can take the form of conferences/ meeting, telephoning
writing notes, and face to face dialogue between parents
and teachers. Founded on the theory of six types of parental
involvement by Joyce Epstein’s, the study adopted ex-post
facto research design. A target population of 2404 Class 8
pupils and 61 class teachers was considered from which
331 class eight pupils were selected using stratified simple
random sampling technique. Census approach was
employed for the class teachers. Questionnaire and
interview schedule were used to collect data. Quantitative
data was then analyzed using descriptive and inferential
statistics in form of percentages, means and chi-square
while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic
framework. There was a positive and significant
relationship between parent-teacher communication
(X
2
=10.087; p=0.039) and academic performance.
Parent-teacher communication is therefore a positive
predictor of pupils’ academic performance in primary
schools. Such communication should be enhanced to make
better the academic performance of pupils in the final
examinations.
Keywords Ainabkoi, Parent, Teacher, Pupil,
Communication, Academic Performance
1. Introduction
The No Child Left behind Act (Tittle 1 part A) of the US
Government emphasized the significance of parental
involvement in children’s academics instructing schools to
engage in regular two-way communication involving
student academic achievement and various school
activities [1]. Due to the pressure from administration
applied by partially funding schools for successful parental
involvement programs [2] and adoption of multiple
reforms that incorporate parental involvement as one of
their integral parts, schools across the United States have
been working on designing and implementing various
parental involvement initiatives in hope of improving
student academic performance.
In Nigeria, Fajoju, Aluede, and Ojugo [3] correlate
parental involvement to academic achievement of primary
using ex-post facto research design. In their study, they
establish a significant influence of parents being involved
and often communicating with teachers on the pupils'
academic achievements. However, they attribute this
influence to only affecting three core subjects hence;
Mathematics, English Language and Science. The
involvement of parents getting in their children’s school
work through frequent communication with the teachers
was therefore highly recommended.
1.1. Theoretical Framework
Epstein’s model (2002) as cited in Bower and Griffin [4]
described how children learn and develop through three
overlapping “spheres of influence.” These were: Family,
school and the community. These three spheres form
partnership to best meet the needs of the child. Epstein
defines six types of involvement based on the relationship
between family, school and the community: parenting
skills, communication, volunteering, learning at home, and
decision making as well as collaborating with the
community. Epstein emphasized that all of these six types
of involvement must be included to have successful
partnership. Pupils who have support from the parents at
home show better performance at school, while students