Battery Pack Recycling Challenges for the Year 2030: Recommended Solutions Based on Intelligent Robotics for Safe and Efficient Disassembly, Residual Energy Detection and Secondary Utilization Running title: Battery Pack Recycling Challenges for year 2030 Lin Zhou 1 ，Akhil Garg 1 ， Jun Zheng 1 ，Liang Gao *1 , Ki-Yong Oh 2 1 State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 2 Department of Energy System Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak- gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea Abstract With the increasing use of batteries, battery recycling would become a considerable problem in the next decade. However, the current recycling technologies are still on the stage of research and development. A significant challenge in the traditional recycling method is that the recovery procedure relies heavily on manual work. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an intelligent, automatic or semi-automatic framework for rapid disassembly and efficient recovery of retired batteries. In this study, the key research problems during the battery recycling process were identified first. The main recycling process was divided into three parts: automatic disassemble process, residual energy detection, and second utilization as well as chemical recycling. Based on the above research gaps, a qualitative framework of UR5 robots for safe and fast battery recycling, residual energy detection and secondary utilization of retired batteries was proposed. The framework includes a battery position and shape measurement system based on machine vision, an automatic battery removal system based on UR5 industrial robot, a battery residual energy detection and classification system. Furthermore, a real case study of battery pack recycling was carried out based on manual work and automatic robot work. The results show that the proposed recycling framework can work efficient compare with the traditional recycling method. Moreover, the future perspectives of battery recycling are summarized. *Email: gaoliang@mail.hust.edu.cn Keywords: Effecient recycling; Conservation of materials; Recovery; Environmental benefits; Disassembly; Intelligent Robotics; This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Accepted Article This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1002/ets2.190