CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TRANSACTIONS
VOL. 41, 2014
A publication of
The Italian Association
of Chemical Engineering
www.aidic.it/cet
Guest Editors: Simonetta Palmas, Michele Mascia, Annalisa Vacca
Copyright © 2014, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.,
I SBN 978-88-95608-32-7; I SSN 2283-9216
Synthesis and Characterization of
Electrocatalyticgraphene/MoS2/Ni Nanocomposites
Maria Sarno*, Claudia Cirillo, Anna Garamella, Paolo Ciambelli
Department of Industrial Engineering and Centre NANO_MATES, University of Salerno
Via Giovanni Paolo II ,132 - 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
msarno@unisa.it
NiMoS nanohybrid, consisting in nanosheets of MoS
2
mainly covering nanoparticles of NiS, capped by an
oleylamine/oleic acid organic coating, has been successfully synthesized, on few layer graphene (FLG)
obtained by physical exfoliation of graphite, by thermolysis of suitable precursors in organic solvent in the
presence of surfactants. The samples were characterized by Raman Spectroscopy, Electron Microscopy,
and X-ray diffraction, and tested for HER activity using a typical three-electrode setup.
We obtained excellent HER activity, with a Tafel slope of 45 mV/dec compatible with electrochemical
desorption as rate limiting step and high current density values.
1. Introduction
Carbon materials are widely used supports for dispersing catalytic metal nanoparticles, due to their high
surface area, effective porous structure for transferring reactants and products, good electrical conductivity
required for electrochemical reactions (Kou et al., 2011) and energy application (Li et al., 2011). Graphene
sheets have been used as template to deposit metal catalysts for electrocatalysis and as building blocks to
form metal/graphene supports for catalysts and battery applications (Zhao et al., 2013). On the other hand,
MoS
2
is a promising catalyst for electrocatalytic or photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in
aqueous solution (Sarno et al., 2014b), nickel is often used as HER electrocatalyst (Popczun et al., 2013),
also commercially.
Among the different methods to synthesize nanomaterials, one of the most promising is a “bottom-up”
chemical strategy, offering many advantages, such as experimental easiness and potential low-cost
fabrication (Altavilla et al., 2011; Altavilla et al., 2013). Here, we report a new one-step synthetic strategy
for the preparation of few layer graphene (FLG)/NiMoS nanohybrid, consisting in nanosheets of MoS
2
laying on NiS nanoparticles, capped by an oleylamine/oleic acid organic coating, synthesized by thermal
decomposition of precursors in organic solvent in the presence of surfactants, on graphene nanosheets
obtained by physical exfoliation of graphite (Hernandez et al., 2008; Sarno et al., 2014a). All the samples
obtained were characterized by Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM),
Transmission Electron Microscopy – Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS), thermogravimetric
analysis coupled with mass spectromery (TG-DTG-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tested for HER using
a typical three-electrode setup. We found that our catalysts show excellent HER activity, Tafel slope of 45
mV/dec and high current density values.
2. Experimental
The synthesis was carried out using standard airless procedures and commercially available reagents.
Ethanol (99.8%, Fluka) and hexane (>95%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as received. Benzyl ether (99%),
1,2-hexadecanediol (97%), oleic acid (90%), oleylamine (70%), nickel (II) acetylacetonate (90%), 1-2-
hexadecanediol (90%), ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (99.97% metal basis) were purchased from Aldrich.
Graphite powder (microcrystalline, -300 mesh) was purchased from AlfaAesar.
DOI: 10.3303/CET1441037
Please cite this article as: Sarno M., Cirillo C., Garamella A., Ciambelli P., 2014, Synthesis and characterization of
electrocatalyticgraphene/mos2/ni nanocomposites, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 41, 217-222 DOI: 10.3303/CET1441037
217