Journal of Nursing Science - Benha University ISSN 2682 – 3934 Vol. (4) No. (2) 2023 513 JNSBU Occupational Health Hazards among Workers of Aluminum Industry Afnan Shoukry Mohamed 1 , Ahlam El -Ahmady Sarhan 2 and Amina Abd-Elrazek Mahmoud 3 (1) B.Sc. Nursing, 2012, Faculty of Nursing, Helwan University and (2,3) Assistant Professor of Community Health Nursing Faculty of Nursing- Benha University Abstract Background: Aluminum manufacturing had a variety of chemical, physical, biological, psychosocial, and ergonomic hazards, are characterized in the context of both occupational and community health. The aim of the study: Was to assess the occupational health hazards among workers of Aluminum Industry. Research design: A descriptive research design was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: This study was carried out at Tiba Industry for Aluminum, Horus and El Qasas Industry in Benha-Mit Ghamr Road. Sampling: Convenience sample of workers who worked in the previously mentioned setting included 230 workers. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. Tool I: An interviewing questionnaire to assess worker's socio demographic characteristics, Health problems of the studied workers during the last six months and worker's knowledge regarding occupational health hazards. Tool II) An observational checklist to observe workers’ practices for using personal protective equipment and observe the environment safety and sanitation. Results: 29.6% of studied workers suffered from stress and exhaustion, while 37%, 45.2% and 44.3% respectively had no blood, kidney and ear problems. 50.9% of studied workers had average knowledge, 25.2% had poor knowledge regarding occupational health hazards. 59.1% of the studied workers had unsatisfactory total practices regarding precaution in aluminum industry. Conclusion: More than half of the studied workers had average total knowledge about occupational health hazards. and had unsatisfactory practices regarding their total practices level in aluminum industry. There were highly statistical significance differences between the studied workers’ total knowledge and their socio demographic characteristics regarding age and education. There were highly statistical significance differences between the studied workers' total knowledge and their practices regarding aluminum exposure hazards. Recommendation: Training program should be provided for workers at aluminum industries to improve their knowledge and practices regarding occupational health hazards. Keywords: Aluminum Industry, Occupational Health Hazards, Workers. Introduction Occupational health deals with all aspects of health and safety in the workplace and has a strong focus on primary prevention of hazards. Occupational health is a multidisciplinary field of healthcare concerned with enabling an individual to undertake the occupation in the way that causes least harm to health. OH aligns with the promotion of health and safety at work, which is concerned with preventing harm from hazards in the workplace (Reese, 2018). Occupational health hazards are the risks to the health of workers which refer to the process or situation that cause accidents or disease at workplace. Occupational health hazards are brought by unsafe work conditions and unsafe work behaviors. Workplace hazards or injuries are preventable with the use of appropriate occupational